基于最小数据集的闽楠天然次生林土壤质量评价  

Soil Quality Evaluation of Natural Secondary Forest of Phoebe bournei Based on Minimum Data Set

作　　者：冯瑞琦 潘萍 欧阳勋志[1,2] 臧颢 具琳静[2] 李坚锋 FENG Ruiqi;PAN Ping;OUYANG Xunzhi;ZANG Hao;JU Linjing;LI Jianfeng(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for the Protection and Restoration of Forest Ecosystem in Poyang Lake Basin,Nanchang 330045,China;College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第3期585-597,共13页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201504301);国家自然科学基金项目(31760207)。

摘　　要：【目的】土壤是森林植被生长发育的物质基础,了解闽楠(Phoebebournei)天然次生林土壤质量特征,可为其保护和可持续经营提供科学依据。【方法】以江西省境内闽楠天然次生林为研究对象,综合考虑土壤物理、化学16个指标作为全数据集(TDS)并进行描述性特征分析,通过主成分分析、相关分析和Norm值的计算构建土壤质量评价最小数据集(MDS),采用线性和非线性两种评分方法对土壤质量进行评价,并运用障碍因子诊断模型确定影响林地土壤质量的主要制约因子。【结果】(1)土壤16个理化指标中,除了pH值为弱变异,其他指标均为中等变异,变异系数为12.49%~62.32%;pH值介于3.85~4.81,土壤酸性较强,有机质、全氮和速效氮含量总体较为丰富,速效磷和全钾含量处于中等水平,而全磷和速效钾含量则相对偏低,均值分别为0.34 g/kg和87.07 mg/kg。(2)闽楠天然次生林土壤质量评价MDS包括土壤容重、田间持水量、总孔隙度、有机质、全磷和速效钾6个指标。(3)基于MDS的线性土壤质量指数(SQI_(1)-L)变化为0.157~0.711,均值为0.443,变异系数为36.12%;非线性土壤质量指数(SQI_(2)-NL)为0.319~0.654,均值为0.475,变异系数为21.26%;两者均呈中等变异,基于MDS的SQI_(1)-L的变化范围和变异系数均大于SQI_(2)-NL;计算TDS线性和非线性土壤质量指数,并对TDS和MDS土壤质量指数进行线性拟合得出,线性评分方法的拟合效果(R^(2)=0.866)优于非线性评分方法(R^(2)=0.779)。(4)全磷和土壤容重障碍度较大,MDS指标障碍度总排序为全磷(0.239)>土壤容重(0.189)>田间持水量(0.168)>速效钾(0.151)>有机质(0.134)>总孔隙度(0.119)。【结论】基于MDS的线性土壤质量指数SQI_(1)-L更适用于闽楠天然次生林土壤质量评价,全磷和土壤容重是影响闽楠天然次生林土壤质量的主要因子。[Objective]Soil is the material basis for the growth and development of forest vegetation,to understand the soil quality characteristics of natural secondary forest of Phoebe bournei can provide scientific basis for its protection and sustainable management.[Method]The study took the natural secondary forest of P.bournei in Jiangxi Province as the research object.16 soil physical and chemical indexes were taken as the total data set(TDS),and their descriptive change characteristics were analyzed.In the study,the minimum data set(MDS)of soil quality evaluation was constructed by principal component analysis,correlation analysis and Norm value calculation,and the linear and nonlinear scoring methods were used to evaluate the soil quality of the natural secondary forest of P.bournei.After that,the main factors affecting the soil quality of natural secondary forest of P.bournei were determined by using the obstacle factor diagnosis model to calculate the obstacle degree of the soil index.[Result](1)Through the descriptive analysis of the 16 soil physical and chemical indexes of the natural secondary forest of P.bournei,it can be seen that except for the weak variation of pH value,the other indexes were of medium degree variation,with the variation coefficient ranged from 12.49 to 62.32%.The pH value ranged from 3.85 to 4.81,the soil acidity was strong,and the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available nitrogen were relatively rich,the contents of available phosphorus and total potassium were at the middle level,while the contents of total phosphorus and available potassium were relatively low,with the average values of 0.34 g/kg and 87.07 mg/kg,respectively.(2)The minimum data set for soil quality evaluation of natural secondary forest of P.bournei included six indexes,which were soil bulk density,field water holding capacity,total porosity,organic matter,total phosphorus and available potassium,respectively.(3)The soil quality index(SQI_(1)-L)of the minimum data set calculated by the linear scoring

关 键 词：闽楠 土壤质量 最小数据集 制约因子 

分 类 号：S792.24.02[农业科学—林木遗传育种]