梓树对淹水胁迫的适应性研究  

A Study on the Adaptability of Catalpa ovata to Partial Submergence Stress

作　　者：倪天虹 赵天宇 张新叶[3] 杜克兵[1] 裴云霞 耿若楠 胡倩 NI Tianhong;ZHAO Tianyu;ZHANG Xinye;DU Kebing;PEI Yunxia;GENG Ruonan;HU Qian(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Xiangyang Academy of Forestry,Xiangyang 441052,Hubei,China;Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院/湖北省林业信息技术研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北省襄阳市林业科学研究所,湖北襄阳441052 [3]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第3期610-620,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：湖北省林业科技支撑重点项目([2017]LYKJ04);中央财政林业科学推广示范资金项目(鄂[2018]TG12号)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究梓树在淹水胁迫下的生理响应,评价梓树的抗涝性。【方法】以梓树优良无性系(ZS1)的一年生组培苗为材料,研究了淹水处理14 d及排水恢复7 d时,其形态与生理指标对淹水胁迫的响应。【结果】淹水胁迫下,ZS1植株的表型发生了明显变化,包括叶片生长减缓、黄化和萎蔫、茎基部皮孔膨大等。淹水4 d时,植株茎基部出现皮孔膨大现象;淹水11 d时,开始出现叶片萎蔫,但始终未诱导出不定根。试验结束时,ZS1苗高与地径生长量的淹水变化率分别为66.97%和37.88%。ZS1叶片气体交换参数(净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、潜在水分利用效率(R_(WUEi)))、叶绿素荧光(可变荧光(F_(v))、最大光化学量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m))、PS-Ⅱ潜在光化学活性(F_(v)/F_(o)))随着淹水时间的延长逐渐降低,排水恢复后虽有小幅上升,但仍显著低于对照值。淹水14 d时,其淹水变化率分别为104.66%、98.09%、97.16%、270.15%、69.90%、30.90%和68.58%;至21 d时,其淹水变化率分别为102.83%、99.06%、99.71%、195.87%、45.30%、21.62%和46.81%。叶绿素含量、根系活力的变化规律与叶片气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光的响应相似。淹水14 d时,二者的淹水变化率分别为31.39%和54.03%;至21 d时,其淹水变化率分别为26.71%和46.03%。同时,ZS1叶片的胞间CO_(2)浓度/环境CO_(2)浓度(C_(i)/C_(a))、叶片与细根的脯氨酸(Pro)含量、相对电导率(RMP)以及丙二醛(MDA)含量在淹水处理下逐渐升高,排水恢复后有小幅度下降,但仍显著高于对照值。淹水14 d时,其淹水变化率分别为-116.75%,-115.00%,-245.94%,-141.42%和-145.61%;至21 d时,淹水变化率分别为-26.03%,-83.98%,-66.64%,-122.78%和-70.35%。试验结束时,植株存活率仅为53%。【结论】ZS1是一种对淹水胁迫较敏感的无性系。[Objective]To elucidate the physiological response of Catalpa ovata to partial submergence stress and evaluate its waterlogging resistance.[Method]One-year old tissue culture seedlings of C.ovata elite clone(ZS1)were adopted as the materials in the present study.The morphological and physiological responses were investigated under 14-day waterlogging treatment followed by 7-day drainage recovery.[Result]The morphology of ZS1 seedlings changed obviously under the waterlogging stress,including retarded leaf initiation and development,chlorosis and abscission of leaves,coupled with development of hypertrophied lenticels etc.After four days of waterlogging treatment,hypertrophied lenticels at the base of the plant′s stem were observed.On the day 11,leaf wilting occurred,but no adventitious roots were induced at the end of the experiment.At the terminal recovery stage,the rates of change due to waterlogging in ZS1 seeding height and root collar diameter growth were 66.97%and 37.88%,respectively.Parameters of the leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were significantly decreased by the waterlogging stress,including net photosynthesis rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),intrinsic water use efficiency(R_(WUEi)),variable fluorescence(F_(v)),maximum photochemical quantum yield(F_(v)/F_(m))and PS-Ⅱpotential photochemical activity(F_(v)/F_(o)).During the recovery stage,these parameters increased slightly,but still significantly lowered than the control values at the end of the experiment.On the 14th day of waterlogging treatment,the rates of change due to waterlogging were 104.66%,98.09%,97.16%,270.15%,69.90%,30.90%,and 68.58%,respectively.While on day 21,the change rates of these indexes were 102.83%,99.06%,99.71%,195.87%,45.30%,21.62%and 46.81%,respectively.The response of chlorophyll contents and root metabolite were similar to leaf gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.After 14-day waterlogging treatment,their change rates were 31.39%and 54.03%,respecti

关 键 词：梓树 淹水胁迫 生理响应 抗涝性 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]