泰兴高沙土地区幼蟹塘浮游动物群落结构及水质评价  

Community Structure and Water Quality Evaluation of Zooplankton in Eriocheir sinensis Ponds in Sandy Areas of Taixing City

作　　者：陈丹青[1,2,3,4] 马旭洲 张文博[1,2,3,4] 戴丹超 张勇[1,2,3,4] CHEN Danqing;MA Xuzhou;ZHANG Wenbo;DAI Danchao;ZHANG Yong(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai University Knowledge Service Platform,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家及实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海市水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第3期649-659,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：上海市现代农业产业技术体系(沪农科产字(2021)第4号)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了探究泰兴姚王高沙土地区幼蟹培育池浮游动物功能类群结构特征与环境因子的关系。【方法】2018年6—10月对泰兴市江源农牧有限公司3个幼蟹培育池和水源进行调查。试验设置幼蟹塘组和水源组,对这两组的水质因子、浮游动物的密度及生物量进行监测,并采用单样本t检验法对水质、浮游动物密度、生物量和多样性指数进行分析。【结果】试验鉴定出52种浮游动物,其中轮虫22种,优势种5种(壶状臂尾轮虫、萼花臂尾轮虫、镰状臂尾轮虫、剪形臂尾轮虫和暗小异尾轮虫);枝角类17种,优势种5种(长额象鼻溞、方形网纹溞、角突网纹溞、老年低额溞和蚤状溞);桡足类13种,优势种4种(近邻剑水蚤、短尾温剑水蚤、广布中剑水蚤和无节幼体)。其中幼蟹塘1、幼蟹塘2和幼蟹塘3分别为42,42和39种,水源为38种。整个养殖过程期间,幼蟹塘轮虫、枝角类和桡足类的平均密度分别为91~871,55~326和86~364 ind/L;水源的轮虫、枝角类和桡足类密度为74~538,57~269和74~286 ind/L。幼蟹塘轮虫、枝角类和桡足类的平均生物量分别为0.018~0.703,2.373~23.472和3.865~16.576 mg/L;水源的轮虫、枝角类和桡足的生物量为0.013~0.329,1.219~18.641和3.118~12.723 mg/L。幼蟹塘浮游动物平均密度和平均生物量与水源组差异不显著(P>0.05),幼蟹塘浮游动物平均密度及平均生物量总体高于水源。幼蟹塘浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数平均变化范围分别为3.068~4.089,0.742~0.831和2.850~4.172;水源浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数变化范围为3.257~4.052,0.729~0.862和3.194~4.433。幼蟹塘的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数总体低于水源。【结论】幼蟹塘浮游动物群落结构比较稳定,pH、COD_(Mn)、N和P等水环境因子影响浮游动物的多�[Objective]This study aims to explore the relationship between the functional group structure of zooplankton and environmental factors in the Eriocheir sinensis farming pond in the high sandy area of Yaowang,Taixing.[Method]Water quality monitoring has been conducted in three ponds and the water source from June to October in 2018 at Jiangsu Taixing Jiangyuan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry co.LTD.Two groups were set in this experiment,which were water source group and juvenile crab pond group,their water quality factors,zooplankton density and zooplankton biomass were investigated.The single-sample t-test method was used to analyze the water quality,zooplankton density,biomass and diversity index.[Result]The experiment identified 52 species of zooplankton,including 22 species of rotifers and 5 dominant species(Brachionus urceus,Brachionus calyciflorus,Brachionus falcatus,Brachionus forficula and Trichicerca pusilla);17 species of Cladoceras,5 dominant species(Bosmina longirostris,Ceriodaphnia quadrangular,Ceriodaphnia cornuta,Simocephalus vetulus and Daphnia pulex);13 Copepods,4 dominant species(Cyclops vicinus Uijanin,Thermocyclops brevifurcatus,Mesocyclops leuckarti and Nauplii).Among them,crab pond 1,crab pond 2 and crab pond 3 had 42,42 and 39 species,respectively,and the water source had 38 species.During the farming experiment cycle,the average densities of rotifers,cladocerans and copepods in the Eriocheir sinensis ponds were 91-871 ind/L,55-326 ind/L and 86-364 ind/L respectively;the densities of rotifers,cladocerans and copepods in the water source were 74-538 ind/L,57-269 ind/L and 74-286 ind/L.The average biomasses of rotifers,cladocerans and copepods in the Eriocheir sinensis ponds were 0.018-0.703 mg/L,2.373-23.472 mg/L and 3.865-16.576 mg/L,respectively;the biomasses of rotifers,cladocerans and copepods in the water source were 0.013-0.329 mg/L,1.219-18.641mg/L and 3.118-12.723 mg/L,respectively.The difference in zooplankton average density and zooplankton average biomass between the crab ponds an

关 键 词：高沙土 浮游动物 水质 群落结构 生物多样性 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]