暗斑蛋7 d内的变化规律及暗斑对蛋品质影响的研究  

Study on Changes of Translucent Eggs in 7 Days and Its Influence on Egg Quality

作　　者：高绪莉 杨佳林 刘玮[2,3] 韩海霞 雷秋霞[2,3] 周艳 刘杰[2,3] 曹顶国 陈甫[1,2] 李福伟 GAO Xuli;YANG Jialin;LIU Wei;HAN Haixia;LEI Qiuxia;ZHOU Yan;LIU Jie;CAO Dingguo;CHEN Fu;LI Fuwei(College of Veterinary Medicine,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Poultry Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Poultry Breeding Engineering and Technology Research Center,Jinan 250100,China;Laishan Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai,Laishan 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物医学院,青岛266109 [2]山东省农业科学院家禽研究所,济南250100 [3]山东省家禽育种工程技术研究中心,济南250100 [4]烟台市莱山区动物疫病预防与控制中心,莱山264003

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2021年第7期2397-2403,共7页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程(2019JZZYD20611);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-40-S12);优质高效抗逆鸡突破性新品种选育(2020LZGC013);蛋鸡精准化健康养殖技术研究与示范(2020KJTPY043)。

摘　　要：暗斑蛋是近年来鸡蛋生产中关注的热点。为探究鸡蛋暗斑变化规律及其对蛋品质的影响,本研究选取日龄和饲养环境相同的济宁百日鸡和汶上芦花鸡各500只,收集两个品种的鸡蛋各60枚,记录鸡蛋在产后0、1、2、3、4、12、24 h及3、5、7 d时暗斑的变化情况,计算暗斑率;收集两个品种的新产鸡蛋各200枚,放置3 d后,选取每个品种正常蛋和四级暗斑蛋各30枚,进行蛋品质检测。结果显示,汶上芦花鸡的暗斑率低于济宁百日鸡。鸡蛋产出2 h开始出现暗斑,4~12 h为暗斑高发期,12 h~3 d为暗斑加重期,3~7 d正常蛋不再向暗斑蛋转变,但低等级暗斑蛋会向高等级暗斑蛋转变。两个品种的暗斑蛋和正常蛋的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳比例、蛋黄颜色、哈式单位差异均不显著(P>0.05)。济宁百日鸡正常蛋的蛋白高度显著高于暗斑蛋(P<0.05),汶上芦花鸡暗斑蛋和正常蛋的蛋白高度差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,时间是影响暗斑蛋产生的重要因素,不同品种鸡蛋的暗斑产生率不同,且暗斑对蛋品质有一定影响。Translucent egg has become a focus of attention in egg production in recent years.In order to explore the variation rule of translucent eggs and its influence on egg quality,500 Jining Bairi chickens and 500 Wenshang Luhua chickens with the same age and feeding environment were selected in this study.60 eggs of each of the two varieties were collected,and the changes of translucent eggs at 0,1,2,3,4,12,24 h and 3,5,7 d were recorded,and the proportion of translucent eggs was calculated.At the same time,200 eggs of each of the two varieties were collected.After being placed for 3 d,30 normal eggs of each variety and 30 fourth-grade translucent egg were selected for egg quality detection.The results showed that the translucent egg rate of Wenshang Luhua chickens was lower than that of Jining Bairi chickens.Translucent eggs began to appear after 2 h of egg production,4-12 h was the high incidence period,12 h-3 d was the aggravation period.During 3-7 d,normal eggs would no longer change to translucent eggs,but low-level translucent eggs would change to high-level translucent eggs.There were no significant differences in shell thickness,eggshell ratio,egg yolk color and harrington units between translucent eggs and normal eggs of two varieties(P>0.05).The albumen height of normal eggs of Jining Bairi chickens was higher than that of translucent eggs(P<0.05),but the difference between translucent eggs and normal eggs of Wenshang Luhua chickens was not significant(P>0.05).In summary,time was an important factor affecting the production of translucent eggs.Different varieties of eggs had different translucent egg production rates,and translucent eggs had a certain effect on egg quality.

关 键 词：汶上芦花鸡 济宁百日鸡 暗斑蛋 蛋品质 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]