地下爆破精确延时逐孔起爆减振试验研究  

Experimental Study on Precise Delay Hole-by-Hole Blasting Vibration Reduction of Underground Blasting

作　　者：李祥龙[1,2] 张其虎 王建国 杨德源[3] 李斌 朱兴彪 LI Xianglong;ZHANG Qihu;WANG Jianguo;YANG Deyuan;LI Bin;ZHU Xingbiao(Faculty of Land Resources Engineer,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Zhongde Blue Mine and Special Underground Mine,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Dahongshan Iron Mine,Kunming Iron&Steel Group Co.,Ltd.,Xinping 653100,Yunnan,China;Yongshan Jinsha Mine Co.,Ltd.,Yongshan 657305,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南省中—德蓝色矿山与特殊地下矿山开发利用重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [3]昆明钢铁集团有限责任公司大红山铁矿,云南新平653100 [4]永善金沙矿业有限责任公司,云南永善657305

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2021年第3期401-410,共10页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：永善金沙矿业有限责任公司横向课题项目“永善金沙矿业爆破参数优化振动控制关键技术”(编号:619320190103);“万人计划青年拔尖人才培养经费”(编号:109720190056);国家自然科学基金项目“精确延时数(单)一响预裂爆破成缝研究”(编号:619220150041)联合资助。

摘　　要：为了有效控制地下爆破振动效应,改善岩石破碎效果,根据地下矿山实际生产条件,采用高精度高强度数码电子雷管,开展了精确延时逐孔起爆的现场试验研究,并运用MATLAB18.0对振动时程信号进行振动波形分析。由波形矢量合成分析结果可知,孔间延期时间为25 ms的振动速度峰值比延期时间为15 ms、20 ms、30 ms和35 ms的逐孔起爆依次降低了27%、8%、29%和52%;排间延期时间为75 ms时振动速度峰值比排间延期时间为25 ms、125 ms和200 ms的单排炮孔起爆依次降低了28%、26%和23%。由此可见,本试验条件下孔间延期时间与排间延期时间分别为25 ms和75 ms时,能够有效降低爆破振动强度。The interference vibration reduction technology based on precise delay hole by hole initiation is not only an effective means to reduce blasting vibration,but also can improve the effect of rock fragmentation and realize the active control of blasting vibration effect and harm.The key of this technology is to calculate the accurate and reasonable delay time under the conditions of reasonable hole layout parameters,single hole charge and charge structure conditions.However,due to the low time delay accuracy and instability of the conventional ordinary nonel detonator,the effect of controlling the millisecond delay interval to reduce the blasting vibration is not good.Engineering blasting operations are mostly carried out in complex environments and have strict requirements on blasting vibration.Combining previous research results,an accurate and reasonable delay time for underground shallow hole blasting was given.At the same time,combined with the field test research,the application of accurate delay time in reducing blasting vibration was explored.In view of the fact that the digital electronic detonator initiation network can realize the precise control of the delay time of precise delay hole by hole initiation,the delay time can be set flexibly and the performance is stable,using high-precision and highstrength digital electronic detonator,the field test of precise delay hole by hole initiation was designed and carried out.And the vibration waveform velocity of vibration time history signal was analyzed by using MATLAB 18.0.In the field test,vector synthesis of the waveform can be obtained,and the peak velocity of the vibration waveform under the delay time between holes of 25 ms is reduced by 27%,8%,29%,52%compared with the peak velocity of 15,20,30,35 ms successively.The peak value of the vibration waveform velocity under the delay time between rows of 75 ms is reduced by 28%,26%and 23%compared with the delay of 25 ms,125 ms and 200 ms between rows of single row blastholes.The test results show that the reas

关 键 词：精确延时 逐孔起爆 峰值振速 振动强度 波形叠加 干扰降振 现场试验 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]