岸线变化和海平面抬升对珠江河口水体交换的影响  

Influence of coastline change and sea-level rise on water exchange in the Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：蒋文治 季小梅[1,4] 张蔚 徐龑文[5] JIANG Wen-zhi;JI Xiao-mei;ZHANG Wei;XU Yan-wen(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coast Ocean Resources Development and Environment Security,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Engineering Research Center of the Education Ministry of Dredging Technology,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coastal Zones,Shanghai 200061,China;Key Laboratory of Port,Waterway&Sedimentation Engineering,Ministry of Communications,PRC,Nanjing 210029,China;Key Laboratory of the Pearl River Estuarine Dynamics and Associated Process Regulation,Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学,江苏省海岸海洋资源开发与环境安全重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学,疏浚技术教育部工程研究中心,江苏南京210098 [3]上海滩涂海岸工程技术研究中心,上海200061 [4]港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [5]水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室,广东广州510611

出　　处：《水运工程》2021年第7期19-26,52,共9页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(2018KJ05);港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室开放基金项目(Yk220001-5);河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(B200204036)。

摘　　要：水体交换能力是评价河口水域自净能力的一个指标。为研究岸线变化下珠江河口水体交换能力的变化情况以及海平面抬升对其的影响,建立珠江河口二维水动力-保守物质运输模型,并将模型模拟的水位、流速、流向结果与实测数据进行对比。运用欧拉法,分别计算洪枯季、高低潮位下不同年代岸线变化和海平面抬升不同高度时珠江河口水体滞留时间的变化情况。结果表明:岸线围垦对珠江河口各水域水体交换的影响不尽相同,如从20世纪70年代—2010年,伶仃洋水域的平均水体滞留时间先保持几乎不变后略微减小,而黄茅海和磨刀门水域则因状况而异;海平面抬升不利于水体交换,珠江各水域平均水体滞留时间随海平面抬升而增长,且枯季增加的时间大于洪季。Water exchangeability is an indicator for evaluating the self-purification ability of estuary.To study the influence of shoreline changes and sea level rise on water exchange in the Pearl River Estuary,we establish a two-dimensional hydrodynamic-conservative mass transport model,compare the results of water level and flow direction simulated by the model with the measured data,and use the Euler method to calculate the water residence time variation of the Pearl River Estuary due to coastline changes and sea-level rise under the condition of wet and dry seasons and high and low tides.The results show that the impact of shoreline changes on water exchange in the Pearl River Estuary is different,for example from the 1970 s to 2010,the average water residence time of the Lingding Bay first remains almost unchanged and then decreases slightly,while the water average water residence time of the Huangmao Bay and Modao Bay vary depending on the situation.Sea level rise is not conducive to water exchange,the water residence time increases with the rise of sea level,and the time increases in the dry season is longer than that in the wet season.

关 键 词：岸线变化 海平面抬升 水体滞留时间 珠江河口 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]