茎瘤芥3种蚜虫的取食特性及适应性研究  

Research of the Feeding Behaviors of Three Aphid Species Attacking Brassica juncea var.tumida and Their Fitness

作　　者：闫玉芳 赵如娜[2] 陈文龙 蒋欢[1] 吴朝君 王旭祎 YAN Yu-fang;ZHAO Ru-na;CHEN Wen-long;JIANG Huan;WU Chao-jun;WANG Xu-yi(Chongqing Yudongnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuling Chongqing 408000,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Management for Mountain Agriculture,Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市渝东南农业科学院,重庆涪陵408000 [2]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第8期42-49,共8页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市科技局社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2015shms-ztzx80011);重庆市涪陵区科技计划项目(FLKJ,2018BBB3015).

摘　　要：为探究茎瘤芥3种蚜虫的取食特性及适应性,利用刺吸电位图谱(EPG)技术对桃蚜Myzus persicae(Sulzer)、萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)和甘蓝蚜Brevicoryne brassicae(Linnaeus)在茎瘤芥植株上的取食行为进行了测定,并研究了3种蚜虫的繁殖力.结果显示:1)桃蚜和萝卜蚜均产生9种波形,为np波,A波,B波,C波,pd波,E1波,E2波,G波和F波;甘蓝蚜仅产生其中7种波形,不产生G波和F波.2)甘蓝蚜和萝卜蚜在韧皮部之前的刺探(C波)持续时间显著长于桃蚜,桃蚜和萝卜蚜在韧皮部(E1波,E2波)吸食营养物质的次数显著长于甘蓝蚜.桃蚜在木质部取食水分和无机盐(G波)的次数及总持续时间显著高于萝卜蚜.3种蚜虫pd波数量及总持续时间差异无统计学意义.3)从个体取食特征来看,甘蓝蚜和萝卜蚜多半时间耗费在韧皮部前的刺探(C波),桃蚜在韧皮部(E1波,E2波)吸食汁液花费了更多时间.4)萝卜蚜的产仔量最多(116头),其次为桃蚜(85头),甘蓝蚜繁殖力最弱(65头).EPG分析表明,3种蚜虫对茎瘤芥拥有各自不同的取食策略.综合而言,从取食行为来看,桃蚜对茎瘤芥的适应性最强;繁殖力实验明确了萝卜蚜具有较强的适应潜力.To explore the differences in feeding behavior and fitness of three aphid species on tumorous stem mustard(Brassica juncea var.tumida Tsen et Lee),the feeding behaviors and fecundity of Myzus persicae(Sulzer),Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)and Brevicoryne brassicae(Linnaeus)were studied by EPG(electrical penetration graph).Nine EPG waveforms were detected in both M.persicae and L.erysimi,i.e.np wave,A wave,B wave,C wave,pd wave,E1 wave,E2 wave,G wave and F wave,and there were only seven EPG waveforms in B.brassicae,with no G wave and F wave.The duration of C wave of B.brassicae and L.erysimi were significantly longer than that of M.persicae.The E1 wave,E2 wave and total probe duration of M.persicae were significantly longer than those of B.brassicae.The times and total duration of penetration in xylem(G wave)of M.persicae were significantly higher than those of L.erysimi.There were no significant differences in number and total duration of pd wave.From the perspective of feeding characteristics,it took more time to repeatedly penetrate(C-wave)before reaching phloem for B.brassicae and L.erysimi,and more time to continuously suck nutrients in phloem(E1 wave and E2 wave)for M.persicae.L.erysimi had the strongest fecundity(about 116),followed by M.persicae(about 85),and the fecundity of B.brassicae was the weakest(about 65).EPG analysis indicated that the feeding strategies of the three aphid species were different.M.persicae had the best fitness in feeding behavior,and fitness potential of L.erysimi was great on B.juncea in fertility.

关 键 词：蚜虫 刺吸电位图谱 取食行为 茎瘤芥 适应性 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]