基于InVEST模型的张家口地区水源涵养功能研究  

InVest-Model Based Evaluation of Water Conservation Function in Zhangjiakou Area,China

作　　者：黄菁 范继辉[2] 何晓蓉[1] HUANG Jing;FAN Jihui;HE Xiaorong(School of Resource and Envirornental Engineering,Wwhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Emwironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430063 [2]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《山地学报》2021年第3期327-337,共11页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金:(41871072);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101001)。

摘　　要：水源涵养是生态系统提供的最重要的功能之一,开展水源涵养功能评价对了解地区水环境、合理发展分区管理有重要意义。张家口作为京津重要的水源地与生态屏障,承担着维护区域经济可持续发展与生态环境质量改善的关键任务,深入探究其水源涵养现状具有现实意义。然而,当前针对张家口实际降雨强度与地表覆被等特征开展的水源涵养功能研究与探讨仍较为缺乏。本文以张家口市为研究对象,采用InVEST月尺度产水模型,估算该区域水源涵养量,分析其时空变化规律,并对不同土地利用类型的水源涵养功能进行评估。结果表明:(1)张家口地区2016年水源涵养平均深度为75.99 mm,水源涵养总量为28.09亿m^(3),以地方区县行政区划为评价单元,逐鹿、赤城涵养情况最佳;制约本地区水源涵养功能的最主要因素是降水,包括降水总量以及单次降水强度;(2)不同类型的土地覆盖对于水源涵养的贡献值不同,贡献值最大的为草地,贡献值最小的为未利用地,具体表现为:草地>林地>耕地>建设用地>未利用地;(3)在降雨较少的干旱地区以植被配置作为提高水源涵养水平的主要措施时,需要重点考虑待选植物的生长特性,以耗水要求低、蒸腾作用弱的抗旱树种为最佳,同时应当适度移除地区现有的多耗水树种。本研究成果可为优化张家口区域水源涵养水平、系统科学保护当地水生态提供参考,并可为进一步建设维护京津两大重要城市生态环境作出贡献。Water conservation is one of the main functions provided by ecosystems.It is of great significance to carry out evaluation on water conservation function in a region for understanding regional water environment and rationally developing region management.Zhangjiakou,a city to the northwest of Beijing-Tianjin,China,as an important water source and ecological barrier of Beijing and Tianjin,is playing a key role in maintaining the sustainable development of regional economy and improving the quality of ecological environment.Unfortunately,there was a lack of research and discussion on water conservation function in terms of actual rainfall intensity and surface cover in Zhangjiakou.In this paper,Zhangjiakou city was targeted for evaluation on its water conservation function.It used InVEST seasonal yield water model to estimate the local water conservation amount.The temporal and spatial variation law of water conservation in Zhangjiakou was analyzed and then the water conservation function of different land use types were evaluated.The results find that:(1)The average depth of water conservation storage in Zhangjiakou in 2016 was 75.99 mm,with a total amount of water conservation storage 2.809 billion m^(3).Water conservation storage in Zhangjiakou were evaluated on a county(or district)basis in accordance with administrative divisions.It found that there was the most favorable water conservation capacity in Zhuolu county and Chicheng county,120.67 mm per year and 115.32 mm per year,respectively.Precipitation was the main factor regulating the function of water conservation in this region,which comprised the total amount of precipitation and the intensity of a single precipitation.(2)The contribution of different types of land cover to water conservation was different.Grassland had the largest contribution,following in order by woodland,cultivated land,construction land.Unused land had smallest performance.(3)In order to promote the level of water conservation in arid areas by vegetation allocation as a main measure

关 键 词：水源涵养 InVEST月尺度产水模型 时空变化 土地利用 张家口 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]