喀斯特槽谷区耕地利用集约度空间分异及影响因素——以贵州省朗溪槽谷为例  

Spatial Differentiation and Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Use Intensity in Karst Trough Area:A Case Study of the Langxi Valley in Guizhou Province,China

作　　者：祖海琴 赵翠薇[1,2] ZU Haiqin;ZHAO Cuiwei(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Guishou Normal University,Guiyang 550001;Collaborative Innovatin Center of Ecological Enrironment Protection and Resource Utilication in Kars Mountain Area,Guiyang 550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]喀斯特山地生态环境保护与资源利用协同创新中心,贵阳550001

出　　处：《山地学报》2021年第3期415-428,共14页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502300)。

摘　　要：研究耕地集约利用对于解决耕地高效利用问题意义重大。喀斯特槽谷区耕地稀缺、经济发展诉求强烈,从微观尺度以农户视角对地形复杂且经济欠发达的喀斯特地貌区开展耕地集约利用研究较为匮乏。本研究以贵州省郎溪槽谷为例,基于农户调查数据,分别测度耕地利用价值形态和实物形态的集约度并分析其空间分异特征,运用岭回归模型探究不同地貌部位耕地利用集约度的影响因素。结果表明:(1)价值形态的耕地利用集约度空间差异显著,不同地貌部位耕地利用集约度由大到小依次为谷顶、谷底、谷坡。其中,劳动集约度空间分布特征与其一致,资本集约度谷底最大、谷坡最小,谷顶的耕地利用集约度平均值为71739.85元·ha^(-1),谷底为66751.78元·ha^(-1),谷坡为25015.80元·ha^(-1)。(2)实物形态的肥料投入,谷坡最少;有机肥投入比例不断增加。(3)不同地貌部位的耕地利用集约度影响因素存在差异:谷底主要是家庭劳动力平均年龄、家庭总收入、二三产业收入、劳均耕地面积、经济作物播种面积比重、家庭机械拥有台数;谷坡为家庭总收入、劳均耕地面积、家庭机械拥有台数;而谷顶为家庭劳动力平均年龄和离集镇的距离。耕地总面积、农业政策补贴是共同影响因素。研究结论可为优化槽谷区土地利用格局、促进生态和社会经济协调发展提供依据。Research on intensive use of cultivated land is of great significance to solve the problem of efficient use of cultivated land in karst trough areas of China.Cultivated lands in karst trough areas are deadly scarce while the demands for sustainable economic development based on proper karst resource exploitations are strong.Whereas,the relevant research on land use in karst trough areas is relatively inadequate to meet the needs of intensive agriculture from a micro perspective,especially from the farmers’views.Based on the survey of farmers located in a karst trough,the Langxi Valley in Guizhou province,China,the intensive degrees of farmland utilizations in valuable and physical form were measured respectively and their spatial differentiation characteristics were analyzed.Ridge regression model was used to explore the influencing factors governing cultivated land use intensity at different landform positions.The results showed as follows:(1)The spatial differentiation of cultivated land use intensity in value form was significant,presenting a descending pattern as in order as order of valley top,valley bottom,and valley slope.Among them,the spatial distribution of labor intensity was consistent with it,but the capital intensity was the largest at the bottom and the smallest at the slope.The average intensity of cultivated land use was 71739.85 yuan·ha^(-1)at the valley top,66751.78 yuan·ha^(-1) at the valley bottom,and 25015.80 yuan·ha^(-1) at the valley slope.(2)Fertilizer input in physical form was the least at the valley slope;The proportion of organic fertilizer was increasing.(3)There were differences in influencing factors at different geomorphic positions.In the valley floor influencing factors mainly comprised the average age of household labor forces,the total household income,the income of the second and third industries,the average arable land area,the proportion of cash crop planting area,and the number of household machinery units;In the valley slope influencing factors comprised the total in

关 键 词：耕地利用集约度 农户 岭回归模型 喀斯特槽谷 朗溪槽谷 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]