辛味药药性理论及归经应用  

Theory of Medicinal Property of Pungent Herbs and Application of Channel Tropism

作　　者：孙坤坤 王加锋[1] SUN Kunkun;WANG Jiafeng(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学,山东济南250355

出　　处：《山东中医药大学学报》2021年第4期458-461,共4页Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(编号:2019-0042);山东省高校科研计划项目(编号:J18KA289);山东中医药大学科研创新团队项目(编号:2018-10)。

摘　　要：辛味作为五味之一,其药物作用及主治病证多样,辛能散、能行、能通、能温、能升、能润、能化。通过查阅文献,归纳出辛味药不仅归于经典所说的肺经,大部分辛味中药还归于肝经、脾胃经,亦有归入心经、肾经。在脏腑经络的基础上,探究辛味药于脏腑归经的应用。辛味药入肺经可散表邪、行气行水行血、化痰饮、通鼻窍;辛味药入脾胃经可助脾胃之气左升右降,辛化脾胃湿浊及助脾胃祛除阴寒,恢复脾胃正常功能;辛味药入肝经则可条达肝气、疏肝解郁;辛味药入心经可开心窍、行心血;辛味药入肾经可润肾,苦燥能助肾行津液。辛味药无论入何脏腑,都是以脏腑经络学说为基础,以药物所治疗的具体病证为依据。As one of the five flavors,pungent taste has a variety of medicinal effects and indications,including dispersing,moving,activating,warming,ascending,moistening and transforming.Through literature review,it is concluded that pungent herbs not only enter the lung meridian recorded in the classics,but also enter the liver,spleen,stomach,heart and kidney meridians.On the basis of viscera and meridians,this paper explores the application of channel tropism of pungent herbs.Pungent herbs entering the lung meridian can disperse exterior pathogenic factors,promote qi,water and blood circulation,resolve phlegm and fluid retention,and relieve stuffy nose.Pungent herbs entering the spleen and stomach meridians can assist the spleen and stomach qi to ascend from the left and descend to the right,pungency transforming the dampness turbidity of the spleen and stomach and help the spleen and stomach expel yin cold and restore the normal function.Pungent herbs entering the liver meridian can regulate the liver qi,soothe the liver and relieve depression.Pungent herbs entering the heart meridian can resuscitate and promote blood circulation in the heart.Pungent herbs entering the kidney meridian can moisten the bitter dryness of the kidney,help the kidney promote the circulation of body fluids.No matter which viscera the pungent medicine enters,it is based on the theory of viscera and meridians and the specific disease and syndrome treated by the medicine.

关 键 词：五味 辛味 散表邪 散结润燥 行气利水 祛寒温经 解郁活血 脏腑经络学说 

分 类 号：R282.7[医药卫生—中药学]