Variable retention harvesting: conceptual analysis according to different environmental ethics and forest valuation  

作　　者：Leonardo Galetto Carolina Torres Guillermo J.Martínez Pastur 

机构地区：[1]Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología,FCEFyN,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba(UNC),Vélez Sarsfield 1611,5000 Córdoba,Argentina [2]Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal(IMBIV),Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET),Vélez Sarsfield 1611,5000 Córdoba,Argentina [3]Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas(CADIC),Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET),Houssay 200,9410 Ushuaia,Tierra del Fuego,Argentina.

出　　处：《Ecological Processes》2019年第1期485-491,共7页生态过程（英文）

基　　金：CONICET(11220120100055CO),SECyT(UNC,411/18);FONCyT(PICT 2015–0538)for the financial support。

摘　　要：Background:Conceptual clarity is important to attain precise communication of scientific knowledge and to implement appropriate technological and policy actions.Many concepts referring to forest management are widely used by decision-makers,regardless of their complexity.Although the scientific and methodological issues of forestry practices are frequently discussed in the literature,their normative dimensions are rarely treated.Thus,linguistic uncertainty increases when different environmentally ethical perspectives and ways of valuing forests are considered.The objective was to compare different conceptualizations on the silvicultural systems suggested for forest management and the implications they have for conservation.We have conceptually contrasted highintensity forestry practices with variable retention harvesting,considering different environmentally ethical perspectives and forest valuation alternatives.Results:Clear boundaries between clear-cutting,selective logging,and variable retention harvesting can be evidenced when different ethical points of view and alternatives in the human-nature relationships are considered.We have found a variety of definitions of variable retention harvesting that can be analyzed under different ethical positions.Sharply contrasting views on variable retention harvesting can be evidenced if nature is considered to be purely at human’s service or if it is conceptualized as humans co-inhabiting with nature.The latter position implies that the maintenance of ecological,evolutionary,and historical processes supported by unmanaged forest stands is a crucial step for forest management proposals based on variable retention harvesting.Conclusions:Forestry practices that are focused on forest yields and that misinterpret functional uncertainty of forest functioning would be risky.Moreover,forestry with variable retention harvesting could imply good yields with reasonable conservation management in some contexts,while it could be unacceptable in other socioecological contexts.The i

关 键 词：Environmental ethical perspectives CONSEQUENTIALISM Deontological ethics Virtue ethics Policy options for forest and biocultural conservation 

分 类 号：S71[农业科学—林学]