生物医用抗凝血性材料的研究进展  

Research Progress of Biomedical Anticoagulant Materials

作　　者：苏瑞[1] 闫莉华 代庆海[1] 徐健[1] 曹宇[1] 蒋贝[1] 于美丽 Su Rui;Yan Lihua;Dai Qinghai;Xu Jian;Cao Yu;Jiang Bei;Yu Meili(Tianjin City Second People’s Hospital,Tianjin Institute of Hepatology,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第二人民医院肝病医学研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《医疗装备》2021年第12期185-188,共4页Medical Equipment

基　　金：中国肝炎防治基金会王宝恩肝纤维化研究(CFHPC20111026);天津市卫生计生委科技基金项目(2015KG03)。

摘　　要：随着化学技术和医疗技术的发展,医师和患者对需要与组织和身体接触的生物医用材料的生物相容性和血液相容性的要求也有所提高。生物相容性包括细胞毒性、全身毒性、刺激与皮肤致敏试验、与血液相互作用试验选择等,这些试验涵盖了医用材料对机体引起的不适反应,在应用于人体前将材料的性能优化到最佳状态。大部分生物医用材料都需要与血液接触,如冠状动脉支架、血液透析器和导管等,因此血液相容性显得尤为重要。生物医用材料作为异物可能通过两种途径引发凝血机制,造成白细胞增加、血小板聚集,凝血因子产生促进纤维蛋白原吸附,因此,解决其诱发凝血机制产生的原因成为生物医用材料发挥主要生物活性的关键点。该文主要讨论生物医用抗凝血性材料的发展。With the development of chemical and medical technology,the increasing demand of biocompatibility and hemocompatibility of biomedical materials that need to be in contact with tissues and bodies is urged to improve.Biocompatibility includes cytotoxicity,systemic toxicity,irritation and skin sensitization test,and blood interaction test options.These tests cover the uncomfortable reaction of medical materials to the body.The performance of the material is optimized to best state before applied in human.Most biomedical materials need to be in contact with blood,including coronary stents,hemodialyzers and catheters,so hemocompatibility is particularly important.As foreign bodies,biomedical materials may trigger the coagulation mechanism in two ways,causing the increasing amounts of white blood cells,platelet aggregation and the production of coagulation factors promotes the adsorption of fibrinogen.Therefore,the key point is to solve the cause of induced coagulation mechanism for biomedical materials to exert their main biological activities.This paper mainly discusses the development of anticoagulant properties of biomedical materials.

关 键 词：生物医用材料 血液相容性 凝血机制 抗凝血 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]