贵州辣椒主产区气候适宜性分析  

Climatic Suitability of the Main Pepper Producing Areas in Guizhou Province

作　　者：张波 杨世琼[1] 刘宇鹏 于飞 莫建国 ZHANG Bo;YANG Shiqiong;LIU Yupeng;YU Fei;MO Jianguo(Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Environment and Climate,Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources,Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境气候研究所,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2021年第6期98-104,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：贵州气象重要业务科研项目“辣椒农业气象服务关键技术研究及应用”(No.黔气标合ZY[2020]03号);贵州省气象局科研业务项目(No.黔气科登[2020]03-13号)。

摘　　要：为建立辣椒气候适宜性评价模型,定量评价气象条件对辣椒生产的适宜程度,以期为合理开发利用农业气候资源和科学防灾减灾提供依据。选取贵州省20个辣椒主要产区的气象台站1961—2018年逐日平均气温、降雨量和日照时数等气象要素,构建辣椒不同生育期的温度、降水、日照单要素和气候适宜度模型,并利用相关系数和变异系数等方法分析其变化特征。研究结果表明:辣椒移栽期的单要素和气候适宜度分别为0.93、0.90、0.86和0.88,大田生长期至始花期的单要素和气候适宜度分别为0.76、0.89、0.86和0.82,开花挂果期的单要素和气候适宜度分别为0.91、0.88、0.84和0.86,成熟采收期的单要素和气候适宜度分别为0.88、0.93、0.83和0.87,温度、降水和日照均能满足辣椒在不同生育期适宜生长的需要;大田生长期至始花期降水适宜度变异系数为16%,为中等变异,开花挂果期的温度适宜度变异系数最小。An attempt was made to establish a climatic suitability evaluation model for pepper to quantitatively evaluate the suitability of meteorological conditions in pepper production in a view to providing reference for rational development and utilization of agricultural climate resources and scientific mitigation and prevention of disasters.The daily average temperature,precipitation and sunshine hours were selected from 20 meteorological stations in the major pepper producing areas of Guizhou Province from 1961 to 2018 to establish suitability models for single factors such as temperature,precipitation and sunshine in different growth stages of pepper,and for climate.The variation characteristics of the models were analyzed by using correlation coefficients and variation coefficients.The results showed that the suitability of single factors(temperature,precipitation and sunshine)and the climatic suitability for peppers are 0.93,0.90,0.86 and 0.88,respectively at the transplanting stage,0.76,0.89,0.86 and 0.82,respectively at the stage from the field growth to initial flowering,0.91,0.88,0.84 and 0.86,respectively at the stage from flowering to fruiting stage,and 0.88,0.93,0.83 and 0.87,respectively at the stage of the fruit maturity for harvest.The temperature,precipitation and sunshine in the major pepper producing areas of Guizhou can hence meet the needs of the growth of the peppers at different growth stages.The coefficient of variation of precipitation suitability from the field growth stage to initial flowering stage is 16%,which varies moderately,and the coefficient of variation of temperature suitability at the stage from flowering to fruiting is the lowest.

关 键 词：辣椒 气候适宜度 变异系数 贵州 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]