武汉市2017—2020年蝇类密度监测及抗药性调查  

Surveillance of fly density and investigation on insecticide resistance in Wuhan, 2017-2020

作　　者：陈晓敏[1] 刘芹 吴丽群 周良才[1] 柳静[1] 包继永[1] CHEN Xiao-min;LIU Qin;WU Li-qun;ZHOU Liang-cai;LIU Jing;BAO Ji-yong(Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430022,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防制所,湖北武汉430022 [2]湖北省植物保护总站

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第13期2333-2336,2487,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：武汉市卫生计生科研基金资助(WG16B05)。

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市蝇类种群构成、密度、季节消长规律及家蝇、大头金蝇和丝光绿蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平,为蝇类防制工作提供科学依据。方法蝇类密度监测采用笼诱法;蝇类抗药性调查采用点滴法,计算半数致死剂量(LD50)和家蝇种群的抗性倍数,并分析蝇种间抗性的差异。结果2017—2020年武汉市共捕获蝇类3271只,平均蝇密度为4.01只/笼,蝇密度季节消长呈双峰型,最高峰在6月(6.80只/笼)。武汉市家蝇种群对敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为46.58、1059.83、151.79和325.78倍;大头金蝇种群的LD50依次分别为0.3714、0.4933、0.3565和0.5696μg/只;丝光绿蝇种群的LD50依次分别为0.3939、0.6029、0.3917和0.7274μg/只,3种蝇类对4种常用杀虫剂的抗药性差异均无统计学意义(X^(2)=0.738、0.917、1.609、0.232,P=0.691、0.906、0.447、0.890)。结论基本掌握了武汉市蝇类种群构成及季节消长规律,了解到家蝇、大头金蝇和丝光绿蝇对敌敌畏、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯产生了严重的抗药性。建议在今后的灭蝇工作中继续加强蝇类密度监测工作,采取环境治理、合理选用化学杀虫剂等综合防制措施,以延缓抗药性的发展。Objective To investigate the species composition,density and seasonal abundance of the flies in Wuhan City,and the resistance levels of Musca domestica,Chrysomya megacephala and Lucilia sericata to common insecticides,and to provide scientific reference for fly control. Methods Fly density was monitored by the cage trapmethod. The spot drip method was used to measure the resistance of flies. The median lethal dose( LD50) and the resistance ratio of Musca domestica were calculated,and the differences in resistance between fly species were analyzed. Results A total of 3271 flies were captured from 2017 to 2020. The average density of flies was 4. 01 pieces per cage. The seasonal fluctuation of the fly density was bimodal,and the fly density peaked in June( 6. 80 pieces per cage). The resistance ratios of M. domestica in Wuhan to DDVP,deltamethrin,permethrin,and beta-cypermethrin were 46. 58,1059. 83,151. 79,and 325. 78,respectively. The LD50 of C. megacephala were 0. 3714,0. 4933,0. 3565,and 0. 5696μg per fly,respectively,and the LD50 of L. sericata were0. 3939,0. 6029,0. 3917,and 0. 7274 μg per fly,respectively. There was no significant difference in the insecticide resistances of three fly speciesto DDVP,deltamethrin,permethrin,and beta-cypermethrin( χ^(2)= 0. 738,0. 917,1. 609,0. 232,P = 0. 691,0. 906,0. 447,0. 890). Conclusion This study reveals the fly species composition,and seasonal fluctuation in Wuhan. M. domestica, C. megacephala, and L. sericata have serious resistances to DDVP, deltamethrin,permethrin,and beta-cypermethrin. It is suggested to continue to strengthen fly density monitoring work, and take comprehensive control measures of environmental management and reasonable selection of insecticides,in order to delay the development of resistance.

关 键 词：蝇类 密度 种群构成 季节消长 抗药性 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]