论“变通规定”批准权——兼评《立法法》第75条  

On the Power of Approving“Flexible Rules”——with Also A Comment on Article 75 of the Legislation Law of the PRC

作　　者：沈寿文[1] SHEN Shouwen

机构地区：[1]云南大学法学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《思想战线》2021年第4期144-153,共10页Thinking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“民族自治地方依法充分行使立法变通权研究”阶段性成果(20BMZ005)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国立法法》第75条涉及的省级人大常委会有权批准自治州和自治县的自治条例和单行条例,可以“变通规定”全国人大及其常委会制定的法律和国务院制定的行政法规的难题,是当前“分工型”立法体制下“立法放权”衔接错位的产物。这一规定并不具备法理基础和正当性依据。这一难题的解决,需要在今后《中华人民共和国立法法》的修改中明确规定,自治条例和单行条例只要涉及“变通规定”法律和行政法规内容的,便应当由全国人大常委会批准后才能生效;同时明确规定自治条例、单行条例报送批准时,应当说明对法律、行政法规、地方性法规作出“变通规定”的情况。The present stipulation in Article 75 of China’s Legislation Law about the power of the standing committee of provincial People’s Congress for approving“flexible rules”enacted by autonomous prefectures and counties which may alter or modify laws made by the National People’s Congress and rules made by the State Council is a product of the misuse of current power division and power devolution system and has no legal rationale and legitimacy basis.To resolve this problem,clear stipulation must be made in the future revision of the legislation law that all“flexible rules”must be approved by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress before they come into force,and that reasons must be given for making such rules before they are submitted for approval.

关 键 词：“分工型”立法体制 “分权型”立法体制 变通规定 人大常委会批准权 

分 类 号：D62[政治法律—政治学]