日本医疗照护合作:运行机制、模式特点及启示  

Japan’s Integration of Medical Care and Long-Term Care:Mechanism,Characteristics and Inspiration

作　　者：任雅婷 刘乐平[1] 师津 Ren Yating;Liu Leping;Shi Jin(Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin,300222)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学,天津300222

出　　处：《天津行政学院学报》2021年第4期87-95,共9页Journal of Tianjin Administration Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于机器学习的长期护理保险精算预测模型与风险分析”(71771163);天津市教委重大项目“大数据背景下社会医疗保险一体化精准治理体系研究”(2017JWZD13)。

摘　　要：日本作为全球老龄化程度最严重的国家之一,近十年来重点发展医疗照护一体化事业,形成了“社区医疗构想”“社区综合照护体系”等医养结合的实践成果。日本医疗照护合作的提出背景、运行机制和模式特点为我国养老服务体系的完善带来以下启示:明确各级政府及部门职责,完善医养政策支持体系;建立以社区为重点的集医疗服务、康复护理和生活照料于一体的医养服务体系;加快医养结合人才培养等保障体系建设,探索智慧养老新模式;聚焦增强体质,树立康养观念,引导和推动积极老龄化发展。As one of the most seriously aging countries in the world,Japan has been focusing on the integration of medical care and long-term care in the past decade,and has formed practice achievements such as“community medical concept”and“community-based integrated care system”.Based on the background of coordination of medical care and long-term care in Japan,this paper systematically analyzes its operating mechanism and mode characteristics with actual cases.Japan’s practical experience brings the following inspirations for the improvement of our country’s elderly care service system:(a)clarifying the responsibilities of governments and departments at all levels and improving the medical and nursing policy support system;(b)establishing a community-focused medical care services system that combines medical services,rehabilitation care and daily life care;(c)accelerating the construction of personnel training and other security system,and exploring new models of smart elderly care;(d)focusing on improving people’s physical fitness,fostering the concept of rehabilitative care,health care,and guiding and promoting the development of an active aging population.

关 键 词：日本 医疗照护合作 长期照护保险 人口老龄化 社区综合照护体系 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]