涉外夫妻财产关系中的动态法律冲突与解决路径  

Conflicts Mobiles of Laws in Foreign Matrimonial Property Relationship and Solutions

作　　者：林萌 LIN Meng

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国际法研究所

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2021年第3期76-96,共21页Wuhan University International Law Review

摘　　要：国际私法视域内的动态法律冲突本质上是地域性法律冲突,其在涉外夫妻财产关系上表现得较为典型。由于产生动态法律冲突的条件容易成就,同时伴随人员跨境流动性的提高,动态法律冲突更为普遍和频繁,为了更好维护相关主体在时间方面的正当期待并适当限制法院的自由裁量权,有必要讨论如何有效解决动态法律冲突。对此,有关国家的立法或司法主要遵循当事人意思自治、恒定论、变迁论和最密切联系等原则或方法,但各有其利弊。目前我国相关立法不甚明确,但可以考虑对上述原则或方法进行优化组合;鉴于实践中法院倾向于采取整体变迁原则,该原则兼具中立性和便利性等优点,建议我国立法予以采纳,但同时应明确当事人意思自治原则的优先地位;在司法实践中,则通过法院适用最密切联系原则和保护善意第三人原则予以补充或矫正。Conflicts Mobiles within the sphere of international private law, which is typical in foreign matrimonial property relationship, should be classified to territorial conflict of laws in nature. The creation conditions of conflicts mobiles can be satisfied easily and the mobility of the society improved greatly, so that such conflicts become more and more common and frequent. To maintain the reasonable expectation of parties and appropriately limit the discretion of the court seized on the time of applicable law, it is necessary to solve such conflicts. Various principles have been adopted by different countries in their legislation or judiciary, including Party Autonomy, Immutability, Total Mutability, Partial Mutability and Most Significant Relationship. However, there are both advantages and disadvantages in each one. Although China’s relevant legislation is not so clear, a optimization combination of the principles said above can be adopted. In judicial practice, there is a tendency to adopt Total Mutability, which should be adopted into law because of its moderation between justice and convenience. Furthermore, Party Autonomy should be given priority definitely, while Most Significant Relationship and Protection of the Third Party in Good Faith should be taken as supplement and correction.

关 键 词：夫妻财产关系 动态法律冲突 当事人意思自治 最密切联系 

分 类 号：D997[政治法律—国际法学]