神农架大九湖湿地公园脊椎动物多样性概况  

An Overview of Vertebrates in Dajiuhu Wetland Park of Shennongjia National Park

作　　者：邢晶晶 金胶胶 彭超[1] 张志麒 熊欢欢 张洪茂[1] XING Jing-jing;JIN Jiao-jiao;PENG Chao;ZHANG Zhi-qi;XIONG Huan-huan;ZHANG Hong-mao(Institute of Evolution and Ecology,School of Life Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Shennongjia National Park,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Shennongjia Golden Monkey,Shennongjia 442400,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学生命科学学院进化与生态学研究所,湖北武汉430079 [2]神农架国家公园管理局神农架金丝猴保育生物学湖北省重点实验室,湖北神农架林区442400

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2021年第6期1412-1417,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0506406);神农架国家公园管理局项目([2016]201606)。

摘　　要：为了更好的了解和保护大九湖湿地环境和资源,在2016~2018年间对湿地动物多样性进行了12次野外调查,共记录到脊椎动物26目78科232种,其中鱼类2目2科12种,两栖类2目5科12种,爬行类1目6科14种,鸟类16目52科167种,兽类5目13科27种;其中东洋种有114种,古北种有69种,广布种有37种;以金雕(Aquila chrysaetos)、白尾海雕(Haliaeetus albicilla)和黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)等为代表的国家级、省级保护动物79种。基于Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀性指数分析,多样性表现为鸟类>兽类>爬行类>两栖类>鱼类;均匀性表现为爬行类>鸟类>兽类>两栖类>鱼类。结果表明大九湖湿地脊椎动物具有种类较多、多样性较高、国家级保护动物较多但种群密度低、优势种不明显、湿地鸟类较多、东洋界种占优势等特点,是湿地及林灌丛生态系统的重要生物类群。In order to understand and protect the environment and resources of the Dajiuhu wetland park, 12 field surveys of vertebrates were conducted between 2016 and 2018. A total of 232 species(26 orders and 78 families) of vertebrates were recorded, including 12 fishes species(2 orders and 2 families), 12 amphibians species(2 orders and 5 families), 14 reptiles species(1 order and 6 families), 167 birds species(16 orders and 52 families), and 27 mammals species(5 orders and 13 families). Fauna analysis showed that there were 114 oriental realm species, 69 palaearctic realm species, and 37 widespread species. Seventy-nine species were listed as national or provincial key protected animals, represented by Aquila chrysaetos, Haliaeetus albicilla and Ursus thibetanus. The analysis of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness shows that diversity was represented by birds > mammals > reptiles > amphibians > fishes;evenness is represented by reptiles>birds>mammals >amphibians>fishes. The results show that vertebrates in the Dajiuhu wetland park have the characteristics of abundant species, higher diversity, more national-level protected animals, lower population density, less dominant species, abundant wetland birds, and more oriental realm species, playing an important biological group of wetland and shrub ecosystems.

关 键 词：动物资源保护 生物多样性 脊椎动物 湿地 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]