HPV疫苗上市后广州高校医学生接种行为及影响因素调查  

Vaccination behavior and factor investigation on medical students from colleges in Guangzhou after launching HPV vaccine

作　　者：谢钊[1] 贺晴[2] 李美霞[2] 李铁钢 马钰[2,4] XIE Zhao;HE Qing;LI Mei-xia;LI Tie-gang;MA Yu(Blood Source Management Department of Guangzhou Blood Center,Guangdong 510095,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州血液中心血源管理部,广东510095 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]广州市胸科医院 [4]广州医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2021年第7期689-695,共7页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广州市医药卫生重大项目(20181A031002);广州市科技计划项目(201707010451);广州市医学重点学科(2021-2023-11)。

摘　　要：目的调查二价、四价、九价HPV疫苗上市广州市接种覆盖率、高校医学生的接种情况及接种行为的影响因素。方法利用广州疫苗接种系统统计上市后各类HPV疫苗接种覆盖率及其构成;使用自行设计问卷进行调查,收集广州高校医学生自报疫苗接种、HPV感染和疫苗相关知识、接种意愿及其相关原因等资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析医学生接种HPV疫苗的主要影响因素。结果 2017年10月—2019年4月,广州市HPV疫苗3剂接种率为0.73%。2 163份医学生问卷调查显示,医学生自报接种率为2.40%(52/2 163),女性宫颈筛查率为1.59%(24/1 511)。53.03%和47.76%的医学生对自己及亲戚好友接种HPV疫苗仍存犹豫,不知道接种地点(68.50%)、不确定疫苗保护效果(62.28%)以及价格太贵(52.22%)是主要犹豫原因。多因素Logistic回归模型显示城市生源(OR=2.64,95%CI:1.36~5.10)、知道HPV疫苗相关知识(OR=2.54,95%CI:1.04~6.19)是医学生接种HPV疫苗的影响因素,且随着月消费水平的上升而升高(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.08~2.81)。结论医学生HPV疫苗接种率较低且存在一定的疫苗犹豫,应以医学生人群为抓手,加强对HPV感染、HPV疫苗预防宫颈癌的知识认知,提高医学背景人群在疫苗预防疾病中的作用。Objective To investigate the vaccination coverage,vaccination behavior and related factors of medical students from colleges in Guangzhou after bivalent,tetravalent and ninth valent HPV vaccines were launched on China's Mainland.Methods The coverage of HPV vaccines was calculated based on vaccination system records in Guangzhou.Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect data of vaccination behavior,HPV infection and vaccination-related knowledge,vaccination willingness and related causes for medical students from colleges in Guangzhou.The factors of HPV vaccination in medical students were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regressions.Results The vaccination rate of three doses of HPV vaccine in Guangzhou October 2017 to April 2019 was 0.73%.The questionnaire survey on 2163 medical students showed that self-reported vaccination rate was 2.40%(52/2163)and screening rate of female cervix was 1.59%(24/1511);53.03%and 47.76%of medical students remained to be hesitate to vaccinate personally and their relatives or friends with HPV vaccine.Main reasons for hesitation were the unawareness of vaccination location(68.50%),uncertain vaccine protection effect(62.28%)and excessively expensive price(52.22%).Multivariate logistic regression model showed that the awareness of urban students(OR=2.64,95%CI:1.36-5.10),on the knowledge of HPV vaccine(OR=2.54,95%CI:1.04-6.19)was factor of HPV vaccination among medical students and increased with monthly consumption level(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.08-2.81).Conclusion Low vaccination rate and hesitation are found in medical students,the medical student population,should be treated as the starting point to strengthen the knowledge of HPV infection and HPV vaccine and improve the role of medical background population in vaccine prevention.

关 键 词：医学生 HPV疫苗 疫苗接种 接种意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R711.74[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]