一种基于量子稠密编码的电子支付协议  

Electronic Payment Protocol Based on Quantum Dense Coding

作　　者：何业锋[1,2] 陈思昊 强雨薇 李丽娜 白倩 He Yefeng;Chen Sihao;Qiang Yuwei;Li Lina;Bai Qian(School of Cyberspace Security,Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710121,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学网络空间安全学院,陕西西安710121 [2]桂林电子科技大学广西密码学与信息安全重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《光学学报》2021年第10期165-170,共6页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61802302);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JM-462);广西密码学与信息安全重点实验室研究课题(GCIS201923)。

摘　　要：针对电子支付系统的安全性和实用性需求,考虑到基于可控隐形传态的传统电子支付协议存在步骤繁杂、签名过程琐碎等问题,提出了一种基于量子稠密编码的电子支付协议。该协议运用量子密钥分配、单粒子测量、Bell测量和幺正变换等量子操作,依次进行了消息盲化、授权、签名和验证,从而完成了电子支付过程。新协议以三粒子纠缠态作为量子传输信道,能用较少的资源完成不同银行之间的交易。利用稠密编码代替可控隐形传态,可以实现仅传送一个量子位就传输2 bit经典消息。安全性分析结果表明,该协议能实现购买信息的盲化,满足不可否认性、不可伪造性和无条件安全性。In view of the security and practicability requirements of an electronic payment system as well as the problems of complicated steps and trivial signature processes and others in the traditional electronic payment protocol based on controlled teleportation,we propose an electronic payment protocol based on quantum dense coding.The proposed protocol uses quantum operations such as quantum key distribution,single particle measurement,Bell measurement,and unitary operator to perform message blinding,authorization,signature and verification processes in order,and thus completes the whole electronic payment process.In the new protocol,the three-particle entangled state is used as the quantum channel,which can use less resources to complete transactions among different banks.Moreover,by using dense coding instead of controlled teleportation,it is possible to transmit two-bit classical messages with only one qubit.The security analysis shows that the protocol can guarantee the blindness of the purchase information,and satisfy the undeniability,unforgeability and unconditional security.

关 键 词：量子光学 量子密码学 电子支付 稠密编码 幺正变换 

分 类 号：TN918[电子电信—通信与信息系统]