抗线虫大豆品种(系)主要农艺性状的多重分析  

Multiple Analysis on Main Agronomic Traits of Soybean Varieties(Lines)with Nematode Resistance

作　　者：周长军[1] 田中艳[1] 李建英[1] 吴耀坤[1] 于吉东[1] 马兰[1] 李泽宇[1] ZHOU Chang-jun;TIAN Zhong-yan;LI Jian-ying;WU Yao-kun;YU Ji-dong;MA Lan;LI Ze-yu(Daqing Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Daqing 163316,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163316

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2021年第7期1-5,10,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省百千万工程科技重大专项(2019ZX126B01);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX01);现代农业大豆产业技术体系大庆综合试验站项目(CARS-004-CES07);黑龙江省农业科学院青年基金项目(2017ZC17)。

摘　　要：为探究黑龙江省西部盐碱半干旱地区抗线虫大豆品种(系)主要农艺性状的遗传变异、相关性及其对主成分的影响,提高大豆新品种选育效率。本文对10个抗线虫大豆品种(系)11个主要农艺性状2018-2019年的试验数据进行了变异、相关和主成分分析。结果表明:11个主要农艺性状遗传多样性丰富,变异系数最大的为倒伏级,变异系数为82.62%(2018年)和76.20%(2019年),变异系数较小的为生育期,变异系数为1.58(2018年)和1.50(2019年);相关性分析显示产量与单株荚数、单株粒数相关性显著,与节数、单株粒重相关虽不显著但正向相关系数较大,与SCN指数和倒伏级呈负相关;主成分分析显示,大豆11个主要农艺性状简化为4个综合指标,其累积贡献率为86.802%(2018年)和85.254%(2019年),可以反映出大豆11个主要农艺性状的基本特征,其中单株荚数、单株粒重因子载荷最高,对大豆产量贡献最大。综上,在黑龙江省西部盐碱半干旱区选育大豆品种(系)时应注重单株荚数的选择,同时协调单株粒数、单株粒重、株高、SCN指数和倒伏级等相互影响与制约的性状。In order to explore the genetic variation and correlation of the main agronomic characters of soybean varieties(lines)with nematode resistance and their effects on the principal components in the western saline alkali semi-arid area of Heilongjiang Province,and improve the breeding efficiency of new soybean varieties.In this paper,the variation,correlation and principal component analysis of 11 main agronomic traits of 10 soybean varieties(lines)with nematode resistance from 2018 to 2019 were carried out.Comprehensive two-year data analysis results showed that the genetic diversity of 11 main agronomic traits was rich,the largest coefficient of variation was lodging level,the coefficient of variation was 82.62%(2018)and 76.20%(2019),the smaller coefficient of variation was growth period,the coefficient of variation was 1.58(2018)and 1.50(2019);correlation analysis showed that yield had significant correlation with pod number per plant and grain number per plant,but had no significant correlation with node number and grain weight per plant.The results of principal component analysis showed that the 11 main agronomic traits of soybean were simplified into four comprehensive indexes,and their cumulative contribution rates were 86.802%(2018)and 85.254%(2019),which could reflect the basic characteristics of the 11 main agronomic traits of soybean,in which pod number per plant and seed weight per plant factor load were the highest,and they made the largest contribution to soybean yield.In conclusion,the selection of pod number per plant should be paid attention when breeding soybean varieties(lines)in the western saline alkali semi-arid area of Heilongjiang Province,and the mutual influence and restriction of seed number per plant,seed weight per plant,plant height,SCN index and lodging level should be coordinated.

关 键 词：农艺性状 变异系数 相关分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]