2020年春季大连浅海局部区域海洋生物死亡调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Death of Marine Life in Local Area of Dalian Shallow Sea in Spring 2020

作　　者：吴金浩 宋广军[2] 宋伦[2] 王摆[2] 张毅敏[1] 印明昊 王召会 周遵春[2] WU Jinhao;SONG Guangjun;SONG Lun;WANG Bai;ZHANG Yimin;YIN Minghao;WANG Zhaohui;ZHOU Zunchun(Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China;Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Dalian, Dalian 116011, China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044 [2]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连市农业农村局,辽宁大连116011

出　　处：《水产科学》2021年第4期537-543,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系资助项目;辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1907109);辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2018228004);辽宁省海洋与渔业科研项目(201828,201824).

摘　　要：对大连浅海局部区域海洋生物死亡事件进行现场调查与样品采集,经种类鉴定统计与分析,多方面探讨导致海洋生物死亡的原因。调查结果表明,4个地点共采集到10门52种海洋生物,种类数整体表现为软体动物(16种)>节肢动物(15种)>环节动物(7种)>棘皮动物(5种)>脊索动物(4种)>其他门类(各1种);出现死亡的种类有38种,其中棘刺锚参、大蝼蛄虾、长竹蛏和细长竹蛏死亡量尤为明显。经分析,排除了水质污染、病害疾病和局部低氧等导致本次大规模海洋生物死亡的可能,大风条件下的极端海况改变了浅海海洋生物栖息地环境,使其无法逃离,短时间内大幅降温、降雪的共同作用是导致此次灾害事件发生的主要原因。本调查结果可为政府开展类似突发生态环境灾害的防治提供技术参考。The field investigation and sample collection were carried out after the death of marine life in Dalian shallow sea area.Through the statistics and analysis of species identification,the causes of death of marine life were discussed from several aspects.The results showed that there were 52 species of marine organisms in 10 categories to be collected from 4 locations,showing mollusks(16 species)>arthropods(15 species)>annelids(7 species)>echinoderms(5 species)>chordates(4 species)>other phyla(1 species each).There were 38 dead species,among which the death amount of Protankyra bidentata,Upogebia major and Solen stritus was particularly obvious.According to the analysis,water pollution,disease and low oxygen level were unlikely to lead to the massive death of marine organisms.The extreme sea conditions under strong wind conditions had changed the habitat environment of marine organisms,making them unable to escape.The joint action of large-scale cooling and snowfall in a short time led to the occurrence of the disaster event.The findings can provide a technical reference for the government to carry out the prevention and treatment of similar sudden ecological environment disasters.

关 键 词：大连浅海 生物死亡 生态灾害 极端天气 

分 类 号：S932.6[农业科学—渔业资源]