不同开口饵料对黑斑原[鱼兆]仔鱼生长和消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Meaning Diets on Growth and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Larval Glyptosternum maculatum

作　　者：王万良 王金林 曾本和 周建设 WANG Wanliang;WANG Jinlin;ZENG Benhe;ZHOU Jianshe(Institute of Fisheries Science,Xizang Autonomous Region Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第3期6-11,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：农业农村部行业专项“西藏重点水域渔业资源与环境调查”;西藏重点研发及转化“黑斑原[鱼兆]苗种规模化养殖及后备亲鱼种质保存”;西藏重要特有鱼类增殖放流.

摘　　要：在水温11~12℃下,将孵出15 d、体质量(0.0206±0.004)g、能平游的黑斑原[鱼兆]Glyptosternum maculatum仔鱼饲养在用网一分为三的平列槽中,投喂微粒子饲料(Ⅰ组)、冰冻摇蚊幼虫(Ⅱ组)、搅碎猪肝(Ⅲ组)、微粒子饲料+螺旋藻Spirulina(9∶1)(Ⅳ组)、摇蚊幼虫+螺旋藻(9∶1)(Ⅴ组)、猪肝+螺旋藻(9∶1)(Ⅵ组)、微粒子饲料+螺旋藻+摇蚊幼虫(4∶1∶5)(Ⅶ组)、微粒子饲料+螺旋藻+猪肝(4∶1∶5)(Ⅷ组)、微粒子饲料+螺旋藻+轮虫(4∶1∶5)(Ⅸ组)、微粒子饲料+苍蝇幼虫(1∶1)(Ⅹ组)和人工配合饲料(Ⅺ组)等开口饵料42 d,统计仔鱼生长、存活和消化酶活性,研究不同开口饵料对黑斑原[鱼兆]仔鱼生长和消化酶活性的影响。结果表明,投喂单一饵料摇蚊幼虫组仔鱼死亡率最低,与组合饵料(摇蚊幼虫+螺旋藻)差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);猪肝组死亡率最高,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);微粒子饲料+螺旋藻+摇蚊幼虫组合饵料组仔鱼体质量和全长增长最快,与摇蚊幼虫组、摇蚊幼虫+螺旋藻组差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);不同开口饵料对黑斑原[鱼兆]仔鱼蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶变化均具有一定影响。结合死亡率、生长和消化酶变化总体分析,建议在标准化黑斑原[鱼兆]仔鱼苗饲养中,采用微粒子饲料+螺旋藻+摇蚊幼虫组合作开口饵料效果较好。Fifteen days old postlarval Glyptosternum maculatum with body weight of(0.0206±0.004)g,active swimming,were reared in a parallel trough divided into three parts with net and fed microparticle diet(group I),frozen chironomid larva(Group II),mashed pig liver(Group III),microparticle diet+Spirulina(9∶1)(Group IV),chironomid larva+Spirulina(9∶1)(Group V),pig liver+Spirulina(9∶1)(Group VI),microparticle diet+Spirulina+chironomid larva(4∶1∶5)(Group VII),microparticle diet+Spirulina+pig liver(4∶1∶5)(Group VIII),microparticle diet+Spirulina+rotifer(4∶1∶5)(Group IX),microparticle diet+fly larva(1∶1)(Group X)and artificial compound diet(Group XI)at water temperature of 11~12℃for 42 days when growth,survival and digestive enzyme activities in the larvae were determined to investigate the effect of different weaning diets on the growth and digestive enzyme activity in the larvae.The results showed that the larvae fed chironomid had the minimal mortality,without significant difference from the larvae fed chironomid larvae+Spirulina(P>0.05),and significantly lower than that in the other groups(P<0.05).The maximal mortality was observed in the larvae fed mashed pig liver,significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).There were best growth rate in body weight and body length in the larvae fed compound diet(microparticle diet+Spirulina+chironomid larva),without significantly different from that in the larvae fed chironomid larva and chironomid larva+Spirulina(P>0.05),and significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).Activities of protease,amylase and lipase in the larvae were shown to be varied with weaning diet types.Combined with the analysis of mortality,growth and digestive enzyme changes,it is concluded that the mixed weaning diet of microparticle diet+Spirulina+chironomid larva have a better effect on survival and growth of the larvae.

关 键 词：黑斑原[鱼兆] 饵料 生长 消化酶 

分 类 号：S967.7[农业科学—水产养殖]