鲤Cyprinus carpio、泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus与黄豆种子共生系统对水质的影响  

Effects of Symbiotic System of Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio),Loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)and Soybean Seeds on Water Quality

作　　者：刘帅 袁胜煜 魏海峰 刘长发[1,2,3] LIU Shuai;YUAN Shengyu;WEI Haifeng;LIU Changfa(Key Laboratory of Coastal Marine Environmental Science and Technology of Liaoning Province,Dalian 116023,China;School of Marine Science and Environment Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Mariculture&Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省近岸海洋环境科学与技术重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第3期78-82,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅服务地方项目(DL201804);国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金(201309,201809);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室基金(201013);大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室基金(2018-KF-21).

摘　　要：在实验室构建了三层结构的鲤Cyprinus carpio、泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus和黄豆共生系统:第一层为137 cm×60 cm×50.7 cm鱼养缸,水经鱼缸上过滤棉过滤后回流至鱼缸中;第二、三层为134.5 cm×51 cm×8 cm的玻璃槽,内浮放含有50 g黄豆的30 cm×40 cm培育盘,三层顶部都装有LED灯(红蓝比为8∶2),光暗周期为12L∶12D。养殖水体经植物根部过滤后在重力作用下,经过鱼缸上过滤棉过滤后回流至鱼缸,循环水在栽培槽停留20 min,该系统水循环率达20次/d。初始体质量(1.5±0.2)kg的鲤和(70±2)g的泥鳅放于上述鱼菜系统的鱼养缸中,密度为0.0133 kg/L,研究鱼菜共生系统水体的pH、溶解氧、氨氮浓度、亚硝态氮含量、硝态氮、总氮以及活性磷含量的变化规律。结果显示:鱼菜共生明显改良了养鱼水质:pH略微升高但保持在适宜养殖的范围内;溶解氧含量增长0.5 mg·L-1,氨氮浓度降低85.64%,亚硝态氮含量降低82.63%,硝态氮含量降低42.65%,总氮含量降低93.32%,活性磷含量降低71.01%。其中1~32 d内,亚硝态氮、总氮和活性磷含量与时间(x)之间存在显著的线性相关关系,相关方程分别为y=-0.0369x+0.504,R2=0.9461;y=-0.0879x+0.9882,R^(2)=0.9507;y=-0.3226x+4.9606,R^(2)=0.9803,说明鱼菜共生系统可改变水体的理化指标。本结果可为鱼菜共生系统对水质的影响研究提供理论依据。A three-layered fish-vegetable symbiosis system of common carp(Cyprinus carpio),loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)and soybean seeds was constructed in a laboratory:in the first layer,the water in a fish culture tank of 137 cm×60 cm×50.7 cm was filtered by the filter cotton and returned to the fish tank;in the second and third layers there were glass tanks of each 134.5 cm×51 cm×8 cm with a floating 30 cm×40 cm trough with holes and 50 g of soybeans,and LED lights(red to blue ratio 8∶2)on the top of each layer,with photoperiod of a light-to-dark ratio of 12 h∶12 h.The aquaculture water body is filtered by the roots of the plants under the action of gravity,filtered through the filter cotton on the fish tank and then returned to the fish tank.The circulating water was kept in the soybean cultivation tank for 20 min,with water circulation rate of 20 times/d in the symbiosis system.The common carp with initial body weight of(1.5±0.2)kg and loach with initial body weight of(70±2)g were stocked in the aquarium of the above-mentioned fish-vegetable system at a density of 0.0133 kg/L,and the water quality was monitored to explore the effect of the fish-vegetable symbiotic system on the water quality in the water in the fish culture tanks under the fish-vegetable symbiotic system.The results showed that the dissolved oxygen content was increased by 0.5 mg·L-1,ammonia concentration decreased by 85.64%,nitrite nitrogen content decreased by 82.63%,nitrate nitrogen content decreased by 42.65%,total nitrogen content decreased by 93.32%and the active phosphorus content decreased by 71.01%in the water in the fish culture tanks under the fish-vegetable symbiotic system.The contents of nitrite nitrogen,total nitrogen and active phosphorus were significant linear relationship with time within from 1 d to 32 d during the experiment,and the correlation equation was expressed as y=-0.0369x+0.504,R2=0.9461in nitrite nitrogen;y=-0.0879x+0.9882,R^(2)=0.9507 in total nitrogen;and y=-0.3226x+4.9606,R^(2)=0.9803 in active phospho

关 键 词：鱼菜共生 水质 理化指标 

分 类 号：X714[环境科学与工程—环境工程]