雅鲁藏布江中上游河谷越冬黑颈鹤的数量变化  

Population changes of wintering Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis)along the upper-middle valley of Yarlung Zangbo

作　　者：李继荣[1,2] 王稳 曹建[1,2] 杨芳[1] 李卓 李来兴[1] Ji-Rong LI;Wen WANG;Jian CAO;Fang YANG;Zhuo LI;Lai-Xing LI(Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,the Chinese Academy of Science,Xi’ning 810001,China;University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应和进化重点实验室,青海西宁810001 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2014年第S01期101-104,共4页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2010CB530301)资助(973计划项目);国家科技支撑计划(2008BADB0B0303)资助;西藏天圆矿业资源开发责任有限公司资助。

摘　　要：2007—2014年隆冬季节,对雅鲁藏布江中上游河谷越冬黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)的种群数量进行了8次调查统计。研究结果显示:(1)雅鲁藏布江中上游河谷越冬黑颈鹤的种群数量平均为(1541±227)只,种群数量表现出一定的波动性。2007年到2010年,越冬黑颈鹤的种群数量有所减少;2010年到2013年,种群数量增加;2014年种群数量又有所下降。(2)越冬黑颈鹤种群数量与河谷南侧黑颈鹤种群数量成显著正相关(P<0.01,r=0.928);河谷北侧黑颈鹤种群数量相对南侧较少,但稳定程度高于南侧。(3)越冬地的黑颈鹤以集群越冬为主,独立家庭和单独个体越冬的十分罕见。(4)8次记录的最大集群数为375只。(5)通过对2014年黑颈鹤种群栖息地利用情况的分析,发现麦茬地利用率占到所有栖息地类型的79.14%,翻耕地占3.73%,冬小麦地占0.76%,其他类型占16.37%。During the period of 2007-2014,eight surveys were conducted at the upper-middle valley of Yarlung Zangbo.Following are the results:1)The average population size of the wintering Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis)at the upper-middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo valley was 1,541±227.From 2007 to 2010,the population size decreased and in 2010-2013,it increased;then the population decreased in 2014.2)The total wintering Black-necked Crane population size in this region was positively correlated to the Black-necked Crane population at south of the valley(P<0.01,r=0.928).The population size in the north was less than the south,but the stability was higher than the south.3)The wintering Black-necked Cranes moved in flocks,while the family and individual form is rarely seen in the winter season.Most crane families were composed of two adults with 1-2 young birds,however,we did observe two adults with three young cranes.4)From the eight surveys and the statistical analysis,the largest crane flock had 375 birds during the surveys.5)In 2014,the Black-necked Cranes used 79.14%of the stubble land,3.73%of the cultivated land,0.76%of the winter wheat land,and 16.37%of the others.

关 键 词：黑颈鹤 种群数量 越冬栖息地 雅鲁藏布江河谷 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q959.7