冬季修剪措施对薄壳山核桃‘威奇塔’幼树萌芽数、成枝量和果枝量的影响  

Effect of Dormant Pruning Measure on Bud Sprouting Number,Branching Number and Fruit Branch Number of Carya illinoensis’Wichita’

作　　者：蔡新玲[1] 周米生[1] 王陆军[1] 肖正东[1] CAI Xinling;ZHOU Misheng;WANG Lujun;XIAO Zhengdong(Anhui Academy of Forestry,Hefei Anhui 230031)

机构地区：[1]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2021年第3期38-42,共5页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：十三五国家科技支撑子课题“江淮低丘土地资源节约型农林复合系统结构配置及调控技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B050303)项目资助。

摘　　要：为了研究冬季修剪措施(包括打头、轻剪、中剪、重剪和长放)对薄壳山核桃成枝的影响,采用4年生薄壳山核桃‘威奇塔’作为试验材料,探讨了不同修剪措施对‘威奇塔’幼树新枝长度、新枝粗度、萌芽数、成枝量、果枝量的影响。结果表明:打头、轻剪、中剪、重剪比长放的新枝长度增加了19.40~33.73 cm,粗度增加了0.41~0.74 cm,萌芽数提高了42.9%~66.4%,成枝量增加了0.53~0.73个,果枝数量提高了1.6~2.8倍。综合各项指标可知,在幼树期使用重剪措施效果最佳,且利于树体尽早进入果期。In order to determine the effect of dormant pruning measure(tip pruning,1/4 short-cutting,1/3 short-cutting,1/2 shortcutting and control included)on of Carya illinoensis,taking 4-year-old grafted seedlings of Carya illinoensis‘Wichita’as experimental material,the effect of branch length、new branch diameter、bud sprouting number,branching number and fruit branch number was studied.The result showed that:by different pruning measure,branch length increase 19.40~33.73 cm,branch diameter increase0.41~0.74 cm,bud sprout number increase 0.53~0.73,fruit branch number increase to 1.6~2.8 fold compared with control.The comprehensive indicators show that:1/2 short-cutting was the effective pruning measure,it enhanced the tree to enter the fruit stage as early as possible.

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 修剪 打头 萌芽数 果枝量 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]