三聚氰胺甲醛树脂/酸化蛭石硬质泡沫制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of Melamine Formaldehyde Resin/Acidized Vermiculite Rigid Foams

作　　者：贾昊 赵亚欣 魏忠[1] 王贺云[1] Jia Hao;Zhao Yaxin;Wei Zhong;Wang Heyun(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shihezi University,Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Green Process of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学化学化工学院,新疆生产建设兵团化工绿色过程重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2021年第7期14-20,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21464012);兵团科技创新人才计划创新团队项目(2020CB006);石河子大学双一流学科项目(SHYL-YB201806);石河子大学创新发展项目(CXFZ201909)。

摘　　要：通过盐酸处理膨胀蛭石得到酸化蛭石,利用酸化蛭石、多聚甲醛和三聚氰胺原位合成具有有机无机连续结构的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)/酸化蛭石,然后使用MF/酸化蛭石、石油醚、辛基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、二甲硅油和甲酸制备硬质三聚氰胺甲醛(RMF)泡沫。研究酸化蛭石对RMF泡沫的力学性能、阻燃性能、热稳定性、热导率和微观形态的影响。结果表明,酸化蛭石表面存在羟基,酸化蛭石与三聚氰胺和甲醛反应形成具有连续结构的MF/酸化蛭石,Si-O-C结构把蛭石和三嗪环有效地结合在一起,增大了三嗪环之间的距离,提高了RMF泡沫的压缩强度,同时有利于燃烧时炭层的生成;添加2份酸化蛭石的RMF泡沫的综合性能最为优异,其压缩强度可达到293.81 kPa、极限氧指数为34.5%、粉碎率为2.22%、热导率为0.0363 W/(m·K)。The expanded vermiculite was treated with hydrochloric acid to obtain acidified vermiculite,and acidified ver-miculite,paraformaldehyde and melamine were used to synthesize in-situ melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF)/acidified vermiculite with an organic-inorganic continuous structure.Then use MF/acidified vermiculite,petroleum ether,polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether,dimethyl silicone oil and formic acid to prepare rigid melamine formaldehyde(RMF)foam.The effects of acidified vermiculite on the mechanical properties,flame retardancy,thermal stability,thermal conductivity and microscopic morphology of RMF foam were studied.The results show that there are hydroxyl groups on the surface of acidified vermiculite.Acidified vermiculite reacts with melamine and formaldehyde to form MF/acidified vermiculite with a continuous structure.The Si-O-C structure effectively combines the vermiculite with triazine ring to increase the distance between triazine ring,which increases the compressive strength of the RMF foam,and at the same time is beneficial to the formation of the carbon layer during combustion.The RMF foam with 2 phr of acidified vermiculite has the best overall performance,its compressive strength can reach 293.81 kPa,and the limiting oxy-gen index is 34.5%,the pulverization rate is 2.22% and the thermal conductivity is 0.0363 W/(m·K).

关 键 词：硬质三聚氰胺甲醛树脂泡沫 酸化蛭石 增韧 阻燃性能 热稳定性能 

分 类 号：TQ328.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]