天然林保护工程区近20年森林植被碳储量动态及碳汇(源)特征  

Dynamic changes of forest vegetation carbon storage and the characteristics of carbon sink(source)in the Natural Forest Protection Project region for the past 20 years

作　　者：张逸如 刘晓彤 高文强 李海奎[1,2] ZHANG Yiru;LIU Xiaotong;GAO Wenqiang;LI Haikui(Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Management and Growth Modelling,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091 [2]国家林业和草原局森林经营与生长模拟重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《生态学报》2021年第13期5093-5105,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2020ZD002-1);国家自然科学基金项目(31770676)。

摘　　要：分析近20年来天保工程区森林植被碳储量的动态变化及碳汇(源)特征,以期为我国天然林保护的政策制订和措施实施提供数据支撑。利用天然林资源保护工程区6—9次森林资源连续清查数据,把森林植被划分乔木林、灌木林、竹林、疏林地、散生木、四旁树,基于行业标准的生物量模型和碳计量参数、采用生物量加权平均法等方法,估算整个工程区和各省的森林植被总碳储量;对乔木林分起源、龄组、优势树种(组)估算碳储量和碳密度;量化森林植被总碳储量和乔木林碳储量随时间变化的消长,明确其碳汇/源特征。研究结果表明:6—9次清查,天保工程区森林植被总碳储量分别为2999 TgC、3254 TgC、3585 TgC和4097 TgC,年均增长率为1.65%、1.96%和2.70%;碳储量集中分布于我国东北和西南区域,其中四川碳储量最高,4期碳储量均占天保工程区总量20%以上;乔木林碳储量是森林植被碳储量的主体,每期占比均稳定在80%以上,其中天然林比例由94.67%下降至90.28%,人工林比例稳步上升,但到9次清查时其碳密度仍低于天然林50%;不同龄组间,中龄林碳储量最高,近熟林碳储量增长最快,碳密度从幼龄林到过熟林逐渐上升,4期趋势一致;乔木林中纯林碳储量占60%以上,大部分树种(组)碳储量和碳密度随时间推移而增加。7—9次清查,天保工程区森林植被总固碳量(当期相对于前期)分别为255.33 TgC、331.46 TgC和511.53 TgC,对全国森林植被总碳汇量的贡献由8次连清的53.78%上升到9次的67.46%,其中,乔木林对全国乔木林碳汇的贡献为68.71%;天保工程区内天然林对乔木林碳汇的贡献为75.90%;不同清查期,乔木林各龄组的碳汇变化较大,幼龄林和中龄林碳汇占比明显上升,近熟林和过熟林下降,9次清查时各龄组碳汇量大小顺序为:中龄林>近熟林>幼龄林>成熟林>过熟林;不同清查期,各个优势树种的碳汇/源表现不一,总体�In order to provide data support for policy formulation and measures implementation of natural forest protection in China,the dynamics of carbon storage and carbon sink(source)characteristics of forest vegetation in the natural forest protection project(NFPP)region were estimated and evaluated in the last 20 years.Based on data from 6—9th Chinese National Forest Inventory(CNFI)of the NFPP region,the forest vegetation was divided into arbor forest,shrubbery,bamboo,open forest,scatted trees,and“four⁃side”trees.By means of tree biomass model and related parameters to carbon accounting from forestry industry standard and biomass conversion and expansion factor from the weighed biomass average method,total carbon storage of forest vegetation were estimated in the NFPP region and provincial level.The carbon storage and carbon density of the arbor forest were evaluated by origins,age groups,and dominant tree species(groups).The changes of total carbon storage of forest vegetation and carbon storage of arbor forest with time were quantified to clarify carbon sink(source)characteristics.The results showed that the total carbon storage of forest vegetation in the NFPP region in 6—9th CNFI was 2999 TgC,3254 TgC,3585 TgC,4097 TgC,respectively,with average annual growth rates of 1.65%,1.96%,and 2.70%.Carbon storage was concentrated in the regions of northeast and southwest of China,and Sichuan province had the highest carbon storage which accounted for more than 20%of the total amount of NFPP region in 6—9th CNFI.The arbor forest carbon storage was the main body of the forest carbon storage,which accounted for more than 80%of the total forest carbon storage in every inventory with little variation in the proportion.Further,the proportion of natural forest carbon storage in arbor forest decreased from 94.67%to 90.28%.The proportion of plantation forest was gradually increasing,but the carbon density was lower than half of natural forest in the 9th CNFI.Among different age groups,the middle⁃aged forest had the hig

关 键 词：天然林资源保护工程 乔木林 碳储量 碳汇 碳源 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]