椰衣基聚氨酯包装缓冲泡沫的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and performance of coconut fiber based polyurethane packaging cushioning foam

作　　者：赖英萍 陈应 赵佳佳 吐松[1] 叶李艺[1] LAI Yingping;CHEN Ying;ZHAO Jiajia;TU Song;YE Liyi(Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《化工学报》2021年第7期3880-3889,共10页CIESC Journal

摘　　要：利用多元醇溶剂催化液化技术将椰衣直接液化得到生物基多元醇,用于制备聚氨酯缓冲包装泡沫材料。首先分析液化条件对液化过程及液化产物的影响,确定了较优的液化反应条件为:2%浓硫酸催化剂,液固比6∶1(液化试剂与椰衣质量比),160℃常压反应80 min。然后将此条件下获得的液化产物(BP)替代部分石油基多元醇,制得聚氨酯泡沫(BPUF),通过力学性能测试、热重、扫描电镜、红外光谱等分析方法,研究BP含量对BPUF的影响。结果显示,35%BP替代量下获得的泡沫材料综合性能较好,泡孔平均直径为427μm,密度为20.3 kg/m3,压缩强度为40.2 kPa,压缩模量为766 kPa,最小缓冲系数为2.27。通过本文获得综合性能较佳的聚氨酯缓冲包装泡沫材料,为椰衣资源综合利用提供新方法。Biomass polyols were obtained from coconut fiber (CF) by solvent-catalyzed liquefaction technology directly, and the liquefied products (BP) were used to prepare polyurethane foams (BPUF). Firstly, the influence of liquefaction conditions on the liquefaction process and liquefaction products was analyzed, and the optimal liquefaction reaction conditions were determined as: 2% concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst, liquid-solid ratio 6∶1 (liquid reagent and coconut fiber mass ratio), 160℃ atmospheric pressure reaction for 80 min. And then the products liquefied in these liquefaction conditions were used as raw materials to replace partial petroleum-based polyols to synthesize the BPUF. The mechanical property test, thermogravimetric (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were carried out to research the influence of BP content on BPUF. The results show the BPUF prepared with 35% BP have excellent comprehensive performance with an average pore diameter of 427 μm uniformly, a density of 20.3 kg/m3, a compressive strength of 40.2 kPa, a compression modulus of 766 kPa, and a minimum cushioning coefficient of 2.27. The biomass polyols obtained from CF are promising and environment friendly in polyurethane foams buffer packaging materials, and also giving a new approach to the integrated use of CF.

关 键 词：液化产物 聚氨酯泡沫 缓冲包装 椰衣 多元醇 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]