北京地区奶牛HH6遗传缺陷基因分布初探  

Prevalence of HH6 Genetic Defect in Dairy Herds of Beijing

作　　者：和玉伟 Abdullah Ibne Omar 陈绍祜[2] 吕小青[3] 刘林[3] 张胜利[1] 肖炜 张毅[1] HE Yu-wei;Abdullah Ibne Omar;CHEN Shao-hu;LV Xiao-qing;LIU Lin;ZHANG Sheng-li;XIAO Wei;ZHANG Yi(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Dairy Association of China,Beijing 100193;Beijing Dairy Cattle Center,Beijing 100192;Beijing Animal Husbandry Station,Beijing 100107)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]中国奶业协会,北京100193 [3]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [4]北京市畜牧总站,北京100107

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2021年第6期13-17,共5页China Dairy Cattle

摘　　要：随着人们对奶牛选育程度的加强,奶牛遗传缺陷问题逐渐凸显。HH6是新近发现的一种荷斯坦牛遗传缺陷,其致病机理为16号染色体上SDE2基因编码区内发生了一个从A到G的突变,SDE2是真核生物中维持基因组稳定必需的蛋白质,突变使得该蛋白的功能受到抑制,进而导致了胚胎在几次细胞分裂之后便死亡,即造成母牛流产。这一突变最初来源于一头1987年出生的美国公牛,该公牛及其后代的冻精在世界范围内被广泛的使用。为了分析HH6在北京地区荷斯坦牛中的分布情况,本研究利用KASP SNP分型技术和微流控芯片技术结合的新型检测技术,研发出可准确检测HH6的方法,可实现在2.5h内对96个样本分型。随后对100头公牛和466头母牛随机样本检测,结果在公牛中未检出携带者,而母牛群携带率为1.93%。尽管HH6在当前牛群中分布并不广泛,但仍需将其纳入常规种牛遗传检测当中并实施科学选配,以免该缺陷在国内牛群中传播,造成更大的损失。Intensive selection program has raised the concern of genetic defects in dairy cattle.HH6 is a newly discovered genetic defect whose molecular mechanism is a mutation from A to G in the coding region of SED2 gene on chromosome 16 in Holstein cattle.SDE2 is a protein essential for maintaining genome stability in eukaryotes.The defective mutation destroys the function of SED2 protein,leading to the embryo dying after several cell divisions.To survey the prevalence of HH6 in Holstein herd in Beijing,a genotyping method that combines the KASP SNP discrimination assay and the microfluidic chip technology was developed to accurately identify the carriers of HH6.By using the new assay,a total of 100 bulls and 466 cows were examined.No carrier was identified in the bulls whereas 9 cows was detected as carriers,corresponding to a carrier rate of 1.93%.Despite the low prevalence of HH6 in dairy cattle,it should be routinely monitored for breeding sires and females t avoid economic losses due to its wide spread.

关 键 词：SDE2 遗传缺陷 胚胎早期死亡 KASP 微流控芯片 荷斯坦牛 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]