疫情背景下全球战略格局及其面临的安全威胁--以中东地区为例  

Global Strategic Pattern and Its Challenges in the Context of COVID-19——Take the Middle East as an Example

作　　者：吴彦[1] Wu Yan

机构地区：[1]浙江大学世界历史研究所

出　　处：《中东研究》2020年第2期99-116,251,252,共20页Middle East Studies

基　　金：2015年国家社科基金重大项目“中东部落社会通史研究”(项目批准号:15ZDB062)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“百年未有之大变局”是从地理大发现到世界文明多中心体系的形成、从冷战时代向后冷战时代的转变、后后冷战时代的到来和世界多极化的发展趋势,以及新型冷战趋势的出现这四个重大变局的叠加及相互影响而形成的。在美国“新帝国主义”大战略的笼罩之下,当今全球战略格局面临多种传统安全威胁。这些传统安全威胁根据其影响主要分为破坏主权统一、国家利益面临武力威慑、社会转型的安全风险,以及陆海领土争端与权益纠纷等类别,在中东地区分别以阿富汗问题、美伊对峙、叙利亚乱局和巴以争端为代表性案例。此外,“后后冷战时代”非传统安全威胁日渐突出,主要包括恐怖主义、重大传染性疾病、信息与网络安全挑战、资源安全威胁、新民族主义以及去全球化趋势等。因此,全球治理成为国际社会的主要议程之一。“A period of major change that’s rarely seen in a century”is form from the combination and interaction of the four major changes,namely,from the great geographical discovery to the formation of the multi-center system of world civilization,the transformation from the Cold War era to the post-cold War era,the arrival of the post post-Cold War era and the development trend of world multi-polarization,and the emergence of the new Cold War trend.Under the shadow of the“new imperialist”grand strategy of the United States,the global strategic pattern is facing a variety of traditional security threats.According to their influence,these traditional security threats are mainly divided into categories such as undermining the unity of sovereignty,national interests facing the threat of force,security risks of social transformation,land-sea territorial disputes and rights disputes,etc.,and the Afghan issue,us-Iran confrontation,Syrian chaos and Palestine-Israel dispute are respectively taken as representative cases in the Middle East.In addition,nontraditional security threats in the“post post-Cold War era”are increasingly prominent,including terrorism,major infectious diseases,information and cyber security challenges,resource security threats,new nationalism and deglobalization trends.Therefore,global governance has become the main agenda of the international community.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎疫情 新帝国主义 传统安全威胁 非传统安全威 胁 全球治理 

分 类 号：D815.4[政治法律—国际关系]