丰城市地区中小学生变应性鼻炎流行病学的调查研究  

Epidemiological investigation of allergic rhinitis in city of Fengcheng City area primary and secondary students

作　　者：陈以标 赖明亮[1] 夏良勇[1] 王鹤龄[1] 熊剑丁 谢海涛[1] 孙艳[1] CHEN Yibiao;LAI Mingliang;XIALiangyong;WANG Heling;XIONG Jianding;XIE Haitao;SUN Yan(Department of Otolaryngology,Fengcheng Penple's Hospital,Yichun,Jiangxi,331100,China)

机构地区：[1]丰城市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,江西宜春331100

出　　处：《当代医学》2021年第21期113-116,共4页Contemporary Medicine

基　　金：江西省卫生健康计划委员会科技项目(20197516)。

摘　　要：目的探讨丰城市中小学生变应性鼻炎患病率及患病特点并分析其相关因素。方法于2019年3—9月在丰城市地区按城区及郊区以学校为单位进行分层整群抽样,将学生分为7~10岁组和11~14岁组作为调查对象,设计AR调查问卷,进行流行病学调查,对结果进行统计学分析。结果发放调查问卷3652份,回收有效问卷3415份,回收率为93.51%。丰城市中小学生AR患病率为18.87%(645/3415);男性患病率为20.22%(388/1919),女性患病率为17.19%(257/1496)。11~14岁组AR患病率为22.91%,高于7~10岁组的14.61%(P<0.05)。城区AR患病率为19.03%(337/1771),郊区的AR患病率为18.73%(308/1644)。AR患儿合并疾病中最常见的是变应性结膜炎,占比43.26%(340/645)。主要变应原谱:屋尘螨为45.27%,粉尘螨为36.48%。结论丰城市中小学生AR患病率为18.87%,了解丰城市中小学生变应性鼻炎流行病学特征,可为以后当地AR的防治及公共卫生政策的制定提供参考。Objective To investigate the prevalence and the epidemiological characteristicsof allergic rhinitis in Fengcheng City primary and secondary students,and to analyze its related factors.Methods From March to September 2019 in Fengcheng City area by urban and suburban school as a unit were selected for stratified cluster sampling,students were divided into 7-10 years old group and 11-14 years old group as the survey subjects.The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed allergic rhinitis questionnaire.Allergen skin prick test was performed in students randomly selected from those who participated the questionnaire survey.SPSS 19.0 software was used to complete thestatistical analysis.Results 3652 questionnaires were distributed and 3415 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a recovery rate of 93.51%.The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 18.87%in Fengcheng City primary and middle school students;the male prevalence rate was 24.83%and the female prevalence rate was 14.11%.The prevalence of AR in the 11-14 years old group was 22.91%,higher than14.61%in 7-10 years group(P<0.05).The prevalence of AR was 19.03%(337/1771)in urban areas and 18.73%(308/1644)in suburban areas.The mostcommon complication was allergic conjunctivitis43.26%(340/645).The main allergen spectrum:house dust mites was 45.27%,and dust mites was 36.48%.Conclusion The prevalence rate of AR among primary and secondary school students in Fengcheng City was 18.87%.The epidemiology o fAR in Fengcheng area is preliminarily understood,which will provide the epidemiological evidence for the prevention and treatment of AR and the formulation of public health policy.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 患病率 流行病学研究 中小学生 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]