学校环境卫生状况及影响因素探析  

Analysis of School Environmental Hygiene Status and Influencing Factors

作　　者：苗惠军[1] MIAO Huijun(Department of School Health,Liaocheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaocheng,Shandong Province,252000 China)

机构地区：[1]聊城市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2021年第10期148-151,共4页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的对目前学校环境卫生现状进行调查研究,分析其影响因素,了解目前存在的薄弱环节,为卫生监督工作的开展提供参考依据,降低学校突发公共卫生事件发生率。方法采用调查问卷的方式,对某校的环境卫生情况进行摸底调查。结果共调查32个班级的教室环境卫生情况,每间教室使用2种以上型号的课桌椅达标率最低,其他方面达标率较高,均达到90%以上;饮用水卫生方面,配备供水人员合格率最高,达68.75%,其次为分散供水有防护设施,合格率达62.50%;厕所卫生方面,教师与学生厕所分开合格率最高,达到100.00%,其次为厕所内设置人工照明,合格率达到93.75%;卫生保健及传染病感染方面,有因病缺勤、病因登记制度合格率最高,为96.88%,其次为配备专门传染疾病报告人员,合格率达到81.25%;学生健康方面,龋齿阳性率最高,达35.48%,其次为营养不良或肥胖阳性率最高,达15.63%.结论学校环境卫生现状有待完善,存在较多影响学生健康的危险因素,尤其是学校的饮用水卫生及厕所卫生,还需要加强监督,为学生提供一个健康、良好的学习环境。Objective To investigate and study the current situation of school environmental health,analyze its influencing factors,understand the current weaknesses,provide a reference for the development of health supervision,and reduce the incidence of school public health emergencies.Methods A questionnaire was used to conduct a thorough investigation of the environmental sanitation of a school.Results A total of 32 classes were investigated for the environmental sanitation of the classrooms.Each classroom used more than two models of desks and chairs to achieve the lowest compliance rate,and the compliance rate for other aspects was higher,reaching more than 90%;in terms of drinking water sanitation,the highest rate of qualified water supply personnel was 68.75%,followed by the decentralized water supply with protective facilities,with a pass rate of 62.50%;in terms of toilet hygiene,the separation of teacher and student toilets had the highest pass rate,reaching 100.00%,followed by artificial lighting in the toilet,with a pass rate of 93.75%;in terms of health care and infectious disease infections,absenteeism due to illness and cause of illness registration system had the highest passing rate of 96.88%,followed by the provision of specialized infectious disease reporters,with a passing rate of 81.25%;in terms of student health,the positive rate of dental caries was the highest,reaching 35.48%,followed by the highest positive rate of malnutrition or obesity,reaching 15.63%.Conclusion The current situation of school environmental sanitation needs to be improved.There are many risk factors that affect students'health,especially the sanitation of drinking water and toilets in schools.It is also necessary to strengthen supervision to provide students with a healthy and good learning environment.

关 键 词：学校 环境卫生 影响因素 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]