抗新冠肺炎药物研究进展  

Recent Progress in Drug Development against COVID-19

作　　者：许叶春 柳红 李剑峰 沈敬山 蒋华良[1] XU Ye-chun;LIU Hong;LI Jian-feng;SHEN Jing-shan;JIANG Hua-liang(Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海药物研究所,上海201203

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2021年第6期111-118,共8页China Biotechnology

摘　　要：新冠病毒引发的急性呼吸道传染病造成了全球大流行的新冠肺炎,严重危害世界公共卫生安全,迫切需要研发有效治疗新冠肺炎的药物。综述了疫情暴发初期抗新冠肺炎药物研发的进展,重点介绍"老药新用"、小分子及抗体创新药物研发和中药等。通过"老药新用"研究发现多个老药具有抑制新冠病毒复制作用,其中瑞德西韦、法匹拉韦、氯喹和羟氯喹等进入临床研究,尤其是瑞德西韦成为被美国FDA批准用于新冠肺炎治疗的首个药物。针对新冠病毒识别宿主细胞受体的S蛋白开展的抗体发现和靶向3CL蛋白酶及RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶等新冠病毒复制过程中的关键蛋白质开展小分子抑制剂发现是抗新冠肺炎创新药物研究中的主要方向。此外,中药在防治新冠肺炎中发挥了重要作用,金花清感颗粒、莲花清瘟胶囊、血必净注射液、双黄连口服液、清肺排毒汤、化湿败毒方、宣肺败毒方等都进入了新冠肺炎治疗的临床研究及应用。The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)poses tremendous threats to public health and urgently needs an effective cure.The progress in drug repurposing,therapeutic antibody and small molecule development,and traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of COVID-19 in the early state of the outbreak were focused.A number of drugs have been revealed to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 by drug repurposing,which includes remdesivir,favipiravir,chloroquine,and hydroxychloroquine.Remedsivir is the first drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of COVID-19 in USA.As for the development of innovative drug,a major effort has been directed to the discovery of therapeutic antibodies targeting spike protein and inhibitors of 3C-like protease as well as RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2.In addition,traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.Jinhua Qinggan granule,Lianhua Qingwen capsule,Xuebijing injection,Shuanghuanglian oral liquid,Qingfei Baidu decoction,Huashi Baidu prescription,and Xuanfei Baidu prescription have entered clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 老药新用 小分子药物 抗体 中药 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]