环境正义与生态正义之辨  

Discrimination between Environmental Justice and Ecological Justice

作　　者：穆艳杰[1] 韩哲[1,2] MU Yan-jie;HAN Zhe

机构地区：[1]吉林大学马克思主义学院,吉林长春130012 [2]长春师范大学政法学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期6-15,共10页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金十八大以来党中央治国理政新思想新理念新战略研究专项工程项目“习近平生态文明建设新思想与中国实践研究”(16ZZD032);长春师范大学人文社会科学基金资助项目“彼得·温茨的环境正义理论研究”(长师大社科合字[2020]第002号)。

摘　　要："环境正义"与"生态正义"本是两种不同的概念,其历史溯源、哲学基础、研究形式均存在较大差异。"环境正义"与"生态正义"的概念最初散见于学界专家们的论文中,部分学术著作对两种概念进行了通用甚至于混用处理,这也就形成了当今学界的"争辩"格局。经过对两种概念深入的分析,环境正义和生态正义"混用论"的说法是不具说服力的,"差异论"的观点才符合两种概念的原本含义。在生态文明价值旨归的阐释中,"生态正义"所追寻的是一种"回到荒野"的方式,但其并没有提出任何可供参考的方法和建议,其提出的"内在价值"理论也无法通过科学严密的论证,因此"生态正义"的价值旨归具有浪漫主义和乌托邦性质;"环境正义"则不同于"生态正义","环境正义"所追寻的"生产性正义"把变革社会生产方式作为其核心目标,以"需求"来决定资源的分配,能真正实现对环境恶物与环境善物的合理分配。因此,生态文明价值旨归只能是环境正义。"Environmental justice"and"ecological justice"are two different concepts.There are great differences in their historical origin,philosophical basis and research forms.The concepts of"environmental justice"and"ecological justice"first appeared in academic papers,some of which mixed the two concepts,thus forming the"debate"in today’s academic circles.After in-depth analysis of the two concepts,the view that environmental justice and ecological justice are"mixed"is not convincing,while the view of"difference"is in line with the original meaning of the two concepts.In the interpretation of the value aim of ecological civilization,"ecological justice"pursues a way of"returning to the wilderness",but it does not put forward any methods and suggestions for reference,and its theory of"intrinsic value"cannot pass scientific and rigorous demonstration.Therefore,the value aim of"ecological justice"has the nature of romanticism and Utopia,while"environmental justice"is not similar to"ecological justice".The"productive justice"pursued by"environmental justice"takes the transformation of social production mode as its core goal,and determines the distribution of resources by"demand",which can truly realize the reasonable distribution of environmental evil and good things.Therefore,the value aim of ecological civilization can only be environmental justice.

关 键 词：环境正义 生态正义 生态文明 价值旨归 

分 类 号：F299.21[经济管理—国民经济]