大数据视角下我国社会政策评估体系架构与创新路径研究  

Research on the Architecture and Innovation Path of China’s Social Policy Evaluation from the Perspective of Big Data

作　　者：窦悦 童楠楠[2,3] 易成岐[2] 郭鑫 聂磊[1] Dou Yue

机构地区：[1]北京大学信息管理系,北京100871 [2]国家信息中心大数据发展部,北京100045 [3]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2021年第7期50-57,共8页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“使用大数据方法开展社会政策评估的探索性研究”的成果,项目编号:18CSH018。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]当前,社会政策的不断丰富和政策评估要求的不断提高对评估模式和方法提出了全新挑战,然而我国在社会政策评估的应用实践中,仍存在评估主体单一、参与途径局限、应变速度滞后等问题,在很大程度上制约了我国社会政策评估的科学化程度和规范化水平。[方法/过程]文章系统性梳理了国内外有关主要研究成果,充分运用大数据理念、技术和资源,构建了一套基于大数据的社会政策评估理论框架与体系架构。[结果/结论]提出具有前瞻性的利用大数据探索社会政策评估的研究范式和创新路径,形成针对不同政策发布层次和预期目标的宏观柔性引导路径、中观整合集成路径和微观问题导向路径三种政策评估实践路径。结合情报工作流程,实现了以预期引导、宣贯为主的事前价值评估,以态势跟踪、应急响应为主的事中综合评估,以及以落实效果、经验总结为主的事后成效评估的全流程分析,为提升当前政府治理方式的科学性和有效性提供新思路。[局限]提出的架构属于理论型构建,仍然缺乏深入的实际应用、案例和平台进行全面实验和验证。[Purpose/significance]The continuous enrichment of social policy and its increasing improvement of policy evaluation requirements pose new challenges to evaluation mode and method.However,in the application of social policy evaluation in China,there are still some problems,such as the single subject of evaluation,the limited ways of participation,the lag of response speed and so on,which restrict the scientific and standardized level of social policy evaluation to a great extent.[Method/process]This paper systematically summarizes relevant research results at home and abroad,and makes full use of big data concepts,technologies and resources to build a theoretical framework and architecture of social policy evaluation based on big data.[Result/conclusion]This paper puts forward a forward-looking research paradigm and innovation path of using big data to explore social policy evaluation,and forms three practical paths of policy evaluation:macro flexible guidance path,meso integration path and micro problem guidance path for different policy levels and expected goals.Combined with the intelligence work process,it realizes the pre-evaluation based on the expected guidance and publicity,the in-process comprehensive evaluation based on the situation tracking and emergency response,and the post effect evaluation based on the implementation effect and experience summary,which provide new ideas for improving the scientificity and effectiveness of the current government governance.[Limitations]The architecture proposed in this paper belongs to theoretical construction and still lacks in-depth practical application,case and platform for comprehensive experiment and verification.

关 键 词：大数据 社会政策评估 政府治理 理论架构 创新实践路径 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]