基于SWOT分析的深海采矿发展策略研究  

Research on deep sea mining development strategy based on SWOT analysis

作　　者：贾凌霄[1] 马冰[1] 于洋[1] 王欢 JIA Lingxiao;MA Bing;YU Yang;WANG Huan(Geoscience Documentation Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局地学文献中心,北京100083

出　　处：《中国矿业》2021年第7期15-22,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“国际地质调查动态跟踪与分析”资助(编号:DD20190414)。

摘　　要：深海中蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源,对高科技与低碳转型发展具有巨大的潜在经济价值,世界各国对深海采矿的关注度正在不断提高,但深海采矿目前仅停留在局部勘探阶段。本文采用SWOT分析方法,对深海采矿的优势、劣势、机会和风险进行了可行性分析。分析结果表明,相较于陆地采矿,深海采矿在技术、环境和政策等方面都具有特殊性。深海矿产在富集程度、二氧化碳排放、基础设施需求等方面具有独特优势,并可能带来经济、社会、科学等领域的多重额外效益;但深海采矿可能会破坏深海生态环境,并存在一定的经济风险和政治风险,相关法规也尚未明确。在此基础上,本文提出了加大国际合作和跨学科合作,建立海底观测系统,实施生态环境评估,构建绿色经济框架,加强国际社会监管等方面的深海采矿发展策略。The deep sea is rich in mineral resources and has huge potential economic value for high-tech and low-carbon transformation and development.The attention over the world to deep sea mining is constantly increasing,but deep sea mining is currently only at the stage of partial exploration.The paper uses the SWOT analysis method to analyze the feasibility of the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats of deep sea mining.The results show that compared with land mining,deep sea mining is unique in terms of technology,environment and policy.Deepsea minerals have unique advantages in terms of enrichment,carbon dioxide emissions,and infrastructure needs,and may bring multiple additional benefits in the economic,social,and scientific fields;however,deepsea mining may damage the deepsea ecological environment,and there are certain economic and political risks,and the relevant regulations are not yet clear.On this basis,the paper proposes deep sea mining development strategies:to increase international cooperation and interdisciplinary cooperation,establish seafloor observation systems,implement ecological environment assessments,build a green economic framework,and strengthen international social supervision.

关 键 词：深海采矿 SWOT分析 发展策略 矿产资源 

分 类 号：TD857[矿业工程—金属矿开采]