不同追氮量对日光温室樱桃番茄品质、生长和氮素利用效率的影响  

Effects of Different Topdressing Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quality,Growth,and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Cherry Tomato in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：刘宇曦 王娟娟[2] 武隆楷 李衍素[1] 贺超兴[1] 于贤昌[1] 王君 LIU Yuxi;WANG Juanjuan;WU Longkai;LI Yansu;HE Chaoxing;YU Xianchang;WANG Jun(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2021年第7期40-47,共8页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001903);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010707);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-25-C-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);农业农村部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目。

摘　　要：针对日光温室樱桃番茄生产过程中缺乏合理施氮参数的问题,开展了不同追氮量对北京地区中等肥力土壤条件下樱桃番茄品质和氮素利用效率影响的研究,以樱桃番茄品种千禧和红玉为试验材料,根据目标产量确定正常追氮量,设置不追氮(CK)、50%正常追氮量(50%N)、正常追氮量(N)和150%正常追氮量(150%N)共4个处理。结果表明,与不追氮肥的对照相比,追氮可以提高樱桃番茄产量和品质;与N处理相比,50%N处理可以提高樱桃番茄中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、VC含量以及氮素利用效率,且对樱桃番茄植株生长发育、产量影响不显著。因此,在接近本土壤状况和有机肥基施条件下,以樱桃番茄千禧作为栽培品种,冬春茬目标产量为45000kg·hm^(-2),建议追肥量为N120kg·hm^(-2),P_2O_(5)75kg·hm^(-2),K_2O360kg·hm^(-2);以樱桃番茄红玉作为栽培品种,秋冬茬目标产量为60000kg·hm^(-2),建议追肥量为N135kg·hm^(-2),P_2O_590kg·hm^(-2),K_2O405kg·hm^(-2)。Aiming at the issue of lacking rational nitrogen fertilizer parameter in producing cherry tomato under solar greenhouse,this paper carried out studies on the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer topdressing on the quality and nitrogen use efficiency in Beijing under moderate fertility soil conditions.In this study,cherry tomato‘Qianxi’and‘Hongyu’were selected as experimental materials.The normal amount of nitrogen fertilizer was determined according to target yield.Four treatments were set up,described as no nitrogen topdressing(CK),50%normal nitrogen topdressing(50%N),normal nitrogen opdressing(N),and 150%normal nitrogen topdressing(150%N),respectively.The results showed that compared with the CK,nitrogen topdressing could improve the yield and quality of cherry tomato;compared with N treatment,50%N treatment could increase the contents of soluble solid,soluble sugar,titratable acid,VC and nitrogen use efficiency in cherry tomato,but there were no significant influence on the plant growth,development and yield of cherry tomato.Therefore,under the condition of soil nutrients and organic fertilizer basal application closed to the experimental condition in this study,if taking cherry tomato‘Qianxi’as cultivated variety and the target yield for winter-spring of‘Qianxi’was 45000 kg·hm^(-2),the recommended amount of fertilizer were N 120 kg·hm^(-2),P2O575 kg·hm^(-2),and K2O 360 kg·hm^(-2).If taking cherry tomato‘Hongyu’as cultivated variety,the target yield for autumn-winter of‘Hongyu’was 60000 kg·hm^(-2),the recommended amount of fertilizer were N 135 kg·hm^(-2),P2O590 kg·hm^(-2),and K2O 405 kg·hm^(-2).

关 键 词：樱桃番茄 氮肥 品质 氮素利用效率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]