不同前茬作物对秋茬大白菜根肿病及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Preceding Crops on Clubroot and Yield of Chinese Cabbage in Autumn

作　　者：路鹏 罗晓涵 王雪东 梁鑫宇 吴凤芝 潘凯 LU Peng;LUO Xiaohan;WANG Xuedong;LIANG Xinyu;WU Fengzhi;PAN Kai(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2021年第7期74-78,共5页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(GARS-25-C-08)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出适宜北方露地秋茬大白菜生产的前茬作物,以当地常年种植模式大蒜—大白菜为对照,研究了小麦、分蘖洋葱、大豆3种前茬作物对秋茬大白菜根肿病及产量的影响。结果表明,以大豆、分蘖洋葱和小麦作前茬作物,均能降低春茬土壤中芸薹根肿菌休眠孢子含量;分蘖洋葱—大白菜处理的秋茬大白菜根肿病病情指数始终显著低于对照;分蘖洋葱—大白菜、小麦—大白菜处理的秋茬大白菜播种后30、40 d的地上部鲜、干质量及产量均显著高于对照。综上,以分蘖洋葱作为前茬作物,能够抑制秋茬大白菜根肿病发生,并提升大白菜产量,适宜在当地生产应用。In order to screen out the suitable preceding crops for Chinese cabbage production in autumn in open fields of northern China,this paper took the long-term planting model at the locality of garlic+Chinese cabbage as the contrast;studied the effects of 3 different preceding crops including wheat,potato onion,and soybean on clubroot and yield of Chinese cabbage in autumn.The results showed that taking soybean,potato onion and wheat as preceding crops could reduce the content of resting spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae in spring-crop soil.The disease index of clubroot of autumn Chinese cabbage treated with potato onion+Chinese cabbage were all the time significantly lower than that of the contrast.The overground part fresh,dry weight and yield of Chinese cabbage in autumn treated with potato onion+Chinese cabbage and wheat+Chinese cabbage were all significantly higher than the overground part fresh,dry weight and yield of Chinese cabbage gained 30 days and 40 days after sowing.In summary,taking potato onion as the preceding crop can inhibit the occurance of clubroot in Chinese cabbage in autumn and increase its yield as well.This technology is suitable for application in local production.

关 键 词：大白菜 根肿病 前茬作物 

分 类 号：S436.341[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]