新疆流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征及基因型分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and genotype of mumps in Xinjiang

作　　者：沙吾拉西·热加甫 李淑华[2] 孙璐 玛合木提江·库尔班[1] 崔爱利[3] Shawulaxi REJIAFU;LI Shu-hua;SUN Lu;Mahemutijiang KUERBAN;CUI Ai-li(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2021年第3期14-17,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区卫生计生委青年医学科技人才专项科研项目(WJWY-201964)。

摘　　要：目的分析2016—2020年新疆流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征及其病毒(mumps virus,MuV)分离株的基因特征。方法对中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统中新疆报告的流行性腮腺炎发病资料开展描述流行病学分析;采集流行性腮腺炎病例咽拭子标本,检测MuV核酸、开展SH基因扩增和序列测定、鉴定基因型。结果2016—2020年全疆共报告流行性腮腺炎病例25596例,无死亡病例,平均发病率为21.03/10万;2016—2019年每年5—6月和11—12月出现高峰,2020年未出现2次高峰;发病率男女性别差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=323.211,P<0.01);病例集中在5岁~组、平均发病率110.97/10万;学生病例占报告病例总数的55.96%;病例主要分布在伊犁哈萨克自治州、乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、哈密地区和昌吉回族自治州;2019年克拉玛依市从流行性腮腺炎病例中分离到1株MuV,为G基因型;基因亲缘关系显示,该病毒与辽宁省G基因型病毒接近。结论2016—2020年新疆流行性腮腺炎报告发病呈下降趋势,但仍存在薄弱地区和人群,仅克拉玛依市分离出MuV株;应加强流行性腮腺炎流行病学和病毒学监测。Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of mumps and genetic characteristics of mumps virus(MuV)in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2020.Methods Descriptive epidemiologic methods were taken to analyze mumps data from Chinese Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System.Throat swabs were collected from mumps cases to detect MuV nucleic acid and to amplify and sequence the SH.Results Totally 25596 mumps cases were reported in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2020,without mumps-related deaths reported,with average incidence rate of 21.03/100000.From 2016 to 2019,the peaks were from May to June and from November to December every year,and there was no two peaks in 2020.There was statistical difference in incidence rate between the male and female(χ^(2)=323.211,P<0.01).The cases were mainly in the age group of 5 years,with an average incidence of 110.97/100000.Students accounted for 55.96%of the total reported cases.The mumps cases mainly distributed in Ili,Urumqi,Karamay,Hami,and Changji.One strains of MuV of genotype G was isolated from mumps cases in Karamay in 2019.Genetic relationship showed that the strain was closest to the virus with genotype G in Liaoning province.Conclusions Mumps incidence declines year by year in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2020.There is high risk areas and populations.Only MuV strain was isolated in Karamay.Epidemiological and virological surveillance of mumps should be strengthened.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 流行病学特征 流行性腮腺炎病毒(MuV) 基因型 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学] R181.8[医药卫生—基础医学]