高雄山虫草生物学特性及人工驯化条件优化  

Biological characteristics of Cordyceps tenuipes and the optimization of artificially domesticated conditions

作　　者：杨双双 林群英[3] 朱丽娜[2] 鲍大鹏[2] 陈明杰[2] 李传华[2] YANG Shuang-Shang;LIN Qun-Ying;ZHU Li-Na;BAO Da-Peng;CHEN Ming-Jie;LI Chuan-Hua(Food Institute,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Nanjing Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,农业部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,上海201403 [3]南京野生植物综合利用研究院,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《菌物学报》2021年第6期1480-1497,共18页Mycosystema

基　　金：贵州省科技厅项目(20190245102);华南应用微生物国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLAM004-2018)。

摘　　要：高雄山虫草Cordyceps tenuipes是一种重要的珍稀野生虫草,无性型为细脚棒束孢Isaria tenuipes。对采集的野生无性型高雄山虫草生物学特性进行了研究,采用小麦和大米为栽培基质,通过添加不同营养成分进行人工驯化和栽培条件优化,对后续提高其孢梗束产量和商业化栽培具有重要意义。试验结果表明,该虫草菌丝在固体和液体培养条件下生长所需的最佳营养组成一致,通过单因素和多因素正交试验得出菌丝在固体和液体条件下生长的最佳培养基配方为蔗糖30g/L、酵母粉15g/L、磷酸二氢钾2g/L、七水硫酸镁2g/L,最佳培养条件为温度25℃,pH7。以小麦为培养基栽培的孢梗束生物学效率介于(45.750±6.062)%-(67.820±6.018)%,总体优于大米培养基(23.410±5.242)%-(36.880±8.812)%。以添加蚕蛹粉的小麦培养基栽培的孢梗束生物转化率最高,达67.820%,高于已有的报道。通过生物学特性分析和人工驯化条件的优化,为高雄山虫草的规模化人工栽培提供参考。Cordyceps tenuipes is an important and rare Cordyceps species. Its anamorph is Isaria tenuipes. Biological characteristics and optimized domestication of C. tenuipes were studied. It was found that substrates consisted of wheat and rice might be of great significance to improve the yield of the coremia in commercial cultivation. The optimal substrates for mycelial growth of C. tenuipes in both solid culture and liquid culture were basically the same. The optimal media for mycelial growth consisted of sucrose 30 g/L, yeast powder 15 g/L, KH2 PO4 2 g/L and MgSO4·7 H2 O 2 g/L. Under the temperature of 25℃ and pH value of 7, the biological efficiencies of the coremia cultivated with wheat medium ranged from(45.750±6.062)% to(67.820±6.018)%, showing superior than those cultivated with rice medium ranged from(23.410±5.242)% to(36.880±8.812)%. The highest biological efficiency of the coremia cultivated in wheat medium with superaddition of silkworm chrysalis powder was 67.820%, being higher than that previously recorded. These findings may provide useful reference for the commercial cultivation in future.

关 键 词：无性型 碳源 氮源 正交试验 培养 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]