江西武夷山国家级自然保护区林下鸟类和兽类资源的红外相机监测  

Camera-trapping survey of wild mammals and ground-dwelling birds in the Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, China

作　　者：郭英荣 兰文军 邹思成 袁荣斌 董晓雨 曹吉锐 杨清培[3] 宋庆妮[3] Yingrong Guo;Wenjun Lan;Sicheng Zou;Rongbin Yuan;Xiaoyu Dong;Jirui Cao;Qingpei Yang;Qingni Song(Construction Center of Jiangxi Natural Reserves,Nanchang 330038;Administration of Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,Shangrao,Jiangxi 334515;College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045)

机构地区：[1]江西省自然保护地建设中心,南昌330038 [2]江西武夷山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西上饶334515 [3]江西农业大学林学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《生物多样性》2021年第6期811-818,共8页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：江西省科技计划项目(20151BBG70025);国家自然科学基金(41807018)。

摘　　要：红外相机技术已成为野生动物监测的一种有效手段,在自然保护区物种资源的清查中具有重要的应用价值。为了进一步完善江西武夷山国家级自然保护区鸟兽的编目信息,2016年11月至2018年8月,我们按样线法布设了52台红外相机进行连续监测。本次调查累计18,417个相机工作日,拍摄到独立有效照片8,908张,记录到野生兽类与鸟类共62种,其中兽类20种,隶属5目13科,鸟类42种,隶属5目14科。国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物有2种,即黑麂(Muntiacuscrinifrons)和黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti),国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物有亚洲黑熊(Ursusthibetanus)、毛冠鹿(Elaphoduscephalophus)和中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)等10种。被IUCN红色名录评估为易危的有4种,近危的5种。兽类相对多度指数居于前三位的依次为小麂(Muntiacusreevesi)、藏酋猴(Macacathibetana)和野猪(Susscrofa);鸟类相对多度指数位于前三位的是白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、紫啸鸫(Myophonuscaeruleus)和黑领噪鹛(Garrulaxpectoralis)。物种相对多度指数沿海拔梯度呈现中部高、两侧低的单峰模式,以800–1,200 m的区域最高。本文结果可为保护区的野生动物资源清查提供基础数据,也为后续保护区管理政策的制定提供参考。Aim: We aim to investigate the biological inventory of large and medium-sized mammals and ground-dwelling birds in the Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve using camera-trapping techniques. Method: 52 camera-traps were placed between 531 m and 2,051 m a.s.l. from November 2016 to June 2018. The relative abundance index was used to evaluate the population sizes of different species. Results: A total of 8,908 independent photographs were taken with a sampling effort of 18,417 camera-days. We identified 20 wild mammal species(5 orders and 13 families) and 42 bird species(5 orders and 14 families). Of all the detected species, 2 species are listed as first-class National Protected Wildlife(Muntiacus crinifrons and Tragopan caboti), and 10 species are listed as second-class National Protected Wildlife(Ursus thibetanus, Elaphodus cephalophus, Capricornis milneedwardsii, and others). Four species were listed as Vulnerable and five as Near Threatened according to the IUCN Red List. Based on the relative abundance index, the three most abundant mammal species were Muntiacus reevesi, Macaca thibetana and Sus scrofa;and the three most detected bird species were Lophura nycthemera, Myophonus caeruleus and Garrulax pectoralis. The relative abundance index of species presents a unimodal pattern along the altitude gradient with the largest value being in the area of 800–1,200 m. Conclusion: These findings indicate Jiangxi Wuyishan Nature Reserve has high species diversity and rich rare and endangered species, especially in the mid-altitude areas. This study provides an important foundation for further biodiversity investigation and wildlife management measures of reserves.

关 键 词：野生动物监测 珍稀动物 相对多度指数 中域效应假说 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]