我国参与艾滋病感染者随访关怀领域社会组织的机构能力需求评估  

Assessment on the institutional capability and demands of non-governmental organizations providing follow-up care and management services for PLWH in China

作　　者：郑雯琳 李锦峰[1] 杨伟华[1] 金军怡 陈恰 张丽媛 沙莎[1] 王芃[1] ZHENG Wen-lin;LI Jin-feng;YANG Wei-hua;JIN Jun-yi;CHEN Qia;ZHANG Li-yuan;SHA Sha;WANG Peng(Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中华预防医学会,北京100021

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2021年第2期81-85,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：社会组织参与艾滋病防治基金项目(2017-2018CPMA-GOR05)。

摘　　要：目的评估为艾滋病病毒感染者和病人(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWH)提供随访管理和关怀救助服务的社会组织的能力需求。方法 2018年通过网络平台向2017—2018参与国家艾滋病防治基金项目的社会组织负责人发放自行设计的《随访管理和关怀救助工作领域社会组织能力需求调查问卷》,并结合社区组织关键知情人的深入访谈,从"艾滋病防治工作技能"和"机构管理与发展"两个主要角度对社会组织能力建设情况和需求进行初步评价。结果调查期间共收集267份有效问卷,覆盖参与2017—2018年基金随访管理和关怀救助项目的社会组织的91.75%(267/291)。参与PLWH随访管理和关怀救助的社会组织,在艾防工作技能方面前三位的需求是依从性教育技巧184个(68.91%)、与目标人群沟通技巧179个(67.04%)、单阳家庭预防172个(64.42%)。在机构发展方面前三位的需求是多部门合作与沟通193个(72.28%)、机构筹资及宣传倡导158个(59.18%)和艾滋病防治工作国内国际新进展147个(55.06%)。社会组织成立时间不同对与目标人群沟通技巧及机构筹资和宣传倡导的能力需求差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.264、4.767,P=0.039、0.029)。结论参与PLWH随访关怀的社会组织能力参差不齐,需积极引导社会组织健全机构规划,培养筹资宣传能力,加强社会组织整体的随访关怀服务技能。Objective To assess the institutional capability and demands of non-governmental organizations providing the follow-up care and management services for people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWH) in China. Methods In the year of 2018, an internet-based self designed questionnaire survey was conducted among project managers in 291 non-governmental organizations who participated in the 2017—2018 National AIDS Prevention and Control Fund Project. Meanwhile, in-depth interviews were also performed. Results A total of 267 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed. In general, the top three demands in HIV prevention work skills were compliance education skill(68.91%),communication skill with PLWH(67.04%) and prevention skill in HIV single positive family(64.42%). The top three demands in the management and institutional development were multi-sectoral cooperation and communication(72.28%), institutional fundraising and advocacy(59.18%) and wordwide new progress in HIV/AIDS prevention and control(55.06%). The differences in the demands for the communication skills with PLWH and institutional fundraising and advocacy were statistically significant among organizations with different founding years(χ^(2)=4.264, 4.767,P=0.039,0.029). Conclusions The capability and needs vary significantly in non-governmental organitions who provide follo-up management and care for PLWH in China.Therefore,these organizations should be guided to improve their own management and the ability of fundraising and advocacy in order to strengthen the follow-up intervention skills.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 艾滋病病毒感染者和病人 机构能力需求 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学] R197.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]