云南省大足鼠中鼠疫噬菌体的分离及其流行病学意义  

Isolation of Yersinia pestis phage from Rattus nitidus in Yunnan Province and its epidemiological significance

作　　者：张海鹏[1] 金晓 高金莲 杨丰义 王鹏[1] 钟佑宏[1] ZHANG Hai-peng;JIN Xiao;GAO Jin-lian;YANG Feng-yi;WANG Peng;ZHONG You-hong(Yunnan Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]云南省地方病防治所,云南大理671000 [2]大理州中医医院

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2021年第3期201-202,206,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31660043)。

摘　　要：目的调查云南省鼠疫宿主动物大足鼠中携带鼠疫噬菌体的情况,并探讨其流行病学意义。方法2015-2017年,在云南10个县(市)进行捕鼠,对捕获的大足鼠取肠道标本置于改良PBS中进行增菌,上清用0.22μm除菌滤器过滤后以鼠疫疫苗株EV76为饲养菌,采用双层平板法分离肠道标本中的鼠疫噬菌体;对肠道标本增菌液进行鼠疫菌特异基因caf1检测;对分离结果进行流行病学分析。结果共采集2230份鼠类标本,其中大足鼠23份,从中分离到4株鼠疫噬菌体,总分离率17.39%;其中玉溪峨山县分离到3株鼠疫噬菌体,分离率为(17.64%,3/17),西双版纳州勐海县捕获的唯一1只大足鼠中分离到1株鼠疫噬菌体;所分鼠疫噬菌体进行电镜观察显示为肌尾科噬菌体;所有标本caf1基因检测均为阴性。结论云南省大足鼠中存在一定数量的鼠疫噬菌体分布且具有多态性,其对鼠疫的传播、鼠疫菌保存及微生态作用还不明确,值得对其生物学及基因组学做进一步研究。Objective To investigate the status of Yersinia pestis phages in Rattus nitidus,the host animal of Yersinia pestis in Yunnan Province,and to explore its epidemiological significance.Methods From 2015 to 2017,rats were captured in 10 counties and cities in Yunnan Province.The intestinal specimens of Rattus nitidus were placed in modified PBS for bacterial enrichment.The plague phages in intestinal samples were isolated by double plate method after being filtered by 0.22μm bacteria-removing filter with plague vaccine strain EV76 as feeding bacteria.The specific gene caf1 of Yersinia pestis was detected in the bacteria-enhancing fluid of intestinal samples.Epidemiological analysis was performed on the isolated results.Methods A total of 2230 rodent specimens were collected,including 23 Rattus nitidus specimens.Four Yersinia pestis phages were isolated from them,with a total isolation rate of 17.39%.Three Yersinia pestis phages were isolated from Yuxi Eshan County,with a separation rate of(17.64%,3/17).One Yersinia pestis phage was isolated from the only Rattus nitidus captured in Menghai County,Xishuangbanna Prefecture.Representative bacteriophages are all bacteriophages of the Myoviridae family.The caf1 test of all specimens was negative.Conclusion There are a certain number of Yersinia pestis phages in Rattus nitidus in Yunnan Province,and they are polymorphic.The effect of Yersinia pestis phages on the transmission,preservation and microecology of plague is not clear,and it is worthy of further study on their biology and genomics.

关 键 词：鼠疫噬菌体 大足鼠 云南省 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]