政策性农业保险对农户贫困脆弱性的影响研究——以地方特色农产品保险为例  

The Impact of Policy-Oriented Agricultural Insurance on Farmers’ Poverty Vulnerability——Take Local Typical Agricultural Products Insurance as an Example

作　　者：黄颖 吕德宏[1] 张珩[3] HUANG Ying;LV De-hong;ZHANG Heng

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院 [2]信阳师范学院 [3]同济大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《保险研究》2021年第5期16-32,共17页Insurance Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“普惠金融、金融素养与边缘贫困户生计能力提升研究”(19BGL156)、“我国城市居民加杠杆的群体性特征及其债务风险研究”(19BGY256);陕西省社科界重大理论与现实问题研究项目“深度贫困地区财政金融支持脱贫攻坚政策协同研究”(2020Z304);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学应用研究重大项目“河南省农村人口转移进程中惠农政策效果保障研究”(2018-YYZD-13);河南省高等学校重点科研项目“河南省新型城镇化与农业保险协调发展研究”(17A790041)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：农业保险作为农业风险管理的重要手段,对提高农户风险应对能力、降低农户返贫风险发挥了重要作用。本文基于苹果主产区2255户苹果种植户的微观调查数据,运用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)和IV-Probit方法检验农户的政策性农业保险参与行为以及农业保险保障程度对其贫困脆弱性的影响。研究发现,参加农业保险以及提高农业保险保障程度均能够显著降低贫困脆弱性。进一步地,按照贫困脆弱性的主导因素不同,将贫困脆弱性分为风险型贫困脆弱性和资本型贫困脆弱性两种类型。农户参保及提高保障程度均能显著降低这两种类型的贫困脆弱性,并且对风险型贫困脆弱性的作用力度更强。政策性农业保险对农户贫困脆弱性的影响具有收入结构异质性,政策性农业保险显著降低了"纯种植收入农户"和"以种植收入为主农户"的贫困脆弱性,而对"以种植收入为辅农户"贫困脆弱性的减缓作用并不显著。As an effective means to deal with the impact of agricultural risks, policy-oriented agricultural insurance plays an important role in lifting farmer’s capability against risks and preventing them from relapsing to poverty. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of policy-oriented agricultural insurance on farmers’ poverty vulnerability. Based on the micro data of 2255 apple farmers in the main apple producing areas, this paper used the Propensity Score Matching(PSM) method and IV-Probit method to test the impact on farmer’s poverty vulnerability of their participation behavior to and level of protection of policy-oriented agricultural insurance. It is found that the participation of farmers and the increase in protection can significantly alleviate the poverty vulnerability of farmers. According to the trigger factor of farmers’ poverty vulnerability, poverty vulnerability is divided into two types: risk-based poverty vulnerability and capital-based poverty vulnerability. Both the participation of farmers in the insurance and the increase in protection can significantly reduce the two types of poverty vulnerability, and have a stronger effect on the risk-based poverty vulnerability of farmers. The impact of policy-oriented agricultural insurance on the poverty vulnerability of farmers has heterogeneity of income structure. It significantly reduces the poverty vulnerability of "farmers with pure planting income " and " farmers with planting as the main income ",but it has no significant effect on the poverty vulnerability of "farmers with planting income as auxiliary".

关 键 词：政策性农业保险 贫困脆弱性 风险型贫困脆弱性 资本型贫困脆弱性 

分 类 号：F842.66[经济管理—保险]