和田地区墨玉县小儿泌尿系结石成分、结石部位及危险因素分析  

Analysis of composition, location and risk factors of urinary calculi in children in Moyu County,Hetian area

作　　者：柔孜麦麦提·艾合麦提江 阿卜杜力克木·吾卜力喀斯木 阿卜杜热伊木·海比尔 迪力穆拉提·霍加阿卜杜拉 Aihemaitijiang Rouzimaimaiti;Wubulikasimu Abudulikemu;Haibier Abudureyimu;Huojiaabudula Dilimulati(People's Hospital of Moyu County,Moyu County,Xinjiang,848100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆墨玉县人民医院,新疆墨玉县848100

出　　处：《新疆医学》2021年第6期630-633,696,共5页Xinjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区墨玉县科技局县级科技项目(项目编号:2012032013110A02)。

摘　　要：目的探讨和田地区墨玉县小儿不同部位泌尿系结石成分分析及不同性别、年龄、生活习惯等对于结石发病的危险因素分析。方法选取和田地区墨玉县4家医院218例小儿泌尿系结石患者,同时按照1∶1配对与病例组患儿相同年龄段,居住地及性别比例,且经常规体检排除结石及其他疾病的218例健康志愿者作为对照组。两组均以问卷形式调查研究对象的一般情况、生活及饮食习惯。结果上、下尿路结石患者中含草酸盐结石、含磷酸盐结石及含尿酸盐结石与相应患者数量比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组间饮水量少于生理需要量者、常饮生水者、饮水不均衡者、口味偏咸者、常肉食者、纤维素饮食较少者、营养不良者、运动较少者、尿PH值异常者、尿比重异常者、尿钙高者、血钙高者、泌尿系解剖异常者有差异且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论上尿路结石以草酸钙和磷酸钙混合结石为主,下尿路结石以含尿酸结石为主,上、下尿路结石的发病机理可能不同。泌尿系结石发病受不良饮食和生活习惯的影响较大,泌尿系结石成分分析对于了解结石成因、预防结石形成和复发具有重要的意义。Objective To investigate the composition analysis of urinary calculi and the risk factors including different sex, ages,living habits among children in different parts of Moyu County, Hetian area. Methods 218 children with urinary calculi from 4 hospitals in Hetian area were selected, and 218 healthy volunteers, who were matched at ratio 1 ∶ 1 in amount with the same age, residence and sex ratio and excluded urinary calculi and other diseases by routine physical examination, were randomly selected as the control group. The general situation, life conditions and eating habits of all subjects were investigated in the form of questionnaire. Results There were significant differences in the proportions of oxalate stone, phosphate stone and urate stone between the patients with upper and lower urinary tract calculi between two groups(P < 0.01). There were significant differences between the two groups in drinking less water than usual, frequent drinking raw water, unbalanced drinking water, salty taste, regular meat eaters, less cellulose diet, malnutrition, less exercise, abnormal urinary p H, abnormal urinary specific gravity, high urinary calcium, high blood calcium and abnormal urinary anatomy(P<0.01). Conclusion Upper urinary tract calculi is mainly composed of mixedstones of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Lower urinary tract stones mainly belong to containuric acid stones, and the pathogenesis of upper and lower urinary tract stones may be different.The onset of urinary calculi is affected by poor diet and living habits. The analysis of urinary calculus constituents is of great significance to understand the causes of stones and prevent stone formation and recurrence. It is suggested that a balanced drinking water diet and a nutritious diet should be emphasized.

关 键 词：泌尿外科 泌尿系结石 结石分析 危险因素 

分 类 号：R691.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]