新疆和田地区妇女卫生保健及妇女病健康需求的调查分析  

Investigation analysis of women’s health care and women’s disease health needs in Hotan, Xinjiang

作　　者：马立娟 李萍[1] 李凤娟 程建云[3] 朱丽红[1] MA Lijuan;LI Ping;LI Fengjuan;CHENG Jianyun;ZHU Lihong(People's Hospital Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,830001;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Urumqi,830001;The first affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院,乌鲁木齐830001 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区妇幼保健院,乌鲁木齐830001 [3]新疆医科大学第一附属医院,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《新疆医学》2021年第4期438-442,共5页Xinjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：新疆护理学会重点项目(项目编号:2018XH26)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆和田地区农村妇女卫生行为及对妇科疾病健康需求的现状,为精准医疗项目的开展有针对性地健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用自设问卷对和田地区皮山县"访惠聚"驻村组点妇女和新疆医科大学第一附属医院和田地区墨玉县"访惠聚"驻村组点妇女进行问卷调查。结果①新疆和田地区农村妇女的文化程度随着年龄的增加而逐渐降低,各年龄段间差异有统计学意义。②本组调查的543名妇女中,有466人有孕育史,随着年龄的增长,新疆和田地区农村妇女的怀孕次数、顺产次数、宫外孕次数以及子女数量均显著增加,各组间差异有统计学意义。③本组调查对象目前使用较多的避孕措施主要是宫内节育器,有293人,占53.96%。④本次调查发现新疆和田地区农村妇女妇科疾病中,宫颈炎占比最高,为42.2%(229/543),其次是盆腔炎34.4%(187/543)。⑤本组调查中,初中以下文化程度397人,占73.11%,不同文化程度的农村妇女之间的定期是否需要妇科检查和月经期是否可以进行性生活的态度各组间有统计学差异(P <0.05)。⑥新疆和田地区农村妇女文化程度越高其良好的个人卫生行为就越好。⑦本组新疆和田地区农村妇女卫生健康知识的来源主要是医务人员;对卫生健康知识的需求最高的是妇女病防治知识;研究对象中大部分人(67.2%)喜欢通过专科知识讲座来获得知识。结论新疆和田地区女性的医疗卫生保健知识欠缺,文化程度处于较低水平,保健意识匮乏。我们应该正确引导农村地区妇女健康的卫生行为,有针对性地采取不同的干预,让当地农村妇女准确、高效地获得妇女保健知识,以提高其生活质量。Objective To understand the current situation of rural women’s health behavior and health demand for gynecological diseases in Hotan, Xinjiang, and to provide theoretical basis for targeted health education of precision medical project. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the women in the village group of"visiting Huiju"in Pishan County of Hotan Prefecture and the women in the village group of "visiting Huiju"in Moyu County of Hotan Prefecture, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Results ①The educational level of rural women in Hotan area of Xinjiang gradually decreased with the increase of age, and the differences among different age groups were statistically significant.②Among the 543 women investigated, 466 had a history of pregnancy. With the increase of age, the number of pregnancies, natural births, ectopic pregnancies and the number of children of rural women in Hotan area of Xinjiang increased significantly, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant.③At present,293 people(53.96%)used IUD most frequently.④The survey found that cervicitis accounted for 42.2%(229/543), followed by pelvic inflammatory disease 34.4%(187/543).⑤There were 397 rural women with junior middle school education or below, accounting for 73.11%. There were significant differences in the attitudes of rural women with different education levels to whether they need gynecological examination regularly and whether they can have sex during menstruation(P < 0.05).⑥The higher the educational level of rural women in Hotan, the better their good personal hygiene behaviors.⑦The main sources of health knowledge of rural women in Hotan area of Xinjiang are medical staff;the most important demand for health knowledge is the knowledge of prevention and treatment of women’s disease;most of the subjects(67.2%)like to obtain knowledge through specialized knowledge lectures. Conclusions The knowledge of health care of women in Hotan area of Xinjiang is lack,

关 键 词：新疆和田地区 妇女卫生保健 健康需求 

分 类 号：R711[医药卫生—妇产科学]