SiC与球形石墨颗粒混杂增强铝基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究  

Sliding Wear Behavior of Aluminum Matrix Composites Hybrid Reinforced by SiC and Spherical Graphite Particles

作　　者：金延文 曲彦平[1] 王东[2] 肖伯律[2] 王全兆[2] 倪丁瑞[2] 马宗义[2] JIN Yanwen;QU Yanping;WANG Dong;XIAO Bolu;WANG Quanzhao;NI Dingrui;MA Zongyi(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Liaoning Shenyang 110870,China;Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Liaoning Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870 [2]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2021年第3期334-343,共10页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51671191,51771193)资助。

摘　　要：以6092铝合金为基体,通过粉末冶金法分别制备了球形石墨颗粒(Gr)以及SiC_(p)和Gr混杂增强的铝基复合材料,并采用田口模型结合方差分析,对复合材料与铜合金摩擦副之间的干滑动摩擦磨损行为进行了分析研究.结果表明:随着载荷从10 N增至20 N,3种复合材料的摩擦系数、磨损率均相应增加;随滑动速率从0.5 m/s增至1.0 m/s,15%Gr/6092Al和(5%Gr+20%SiC_(p))/6092Al的摩擦系数先减小后增大;而(5%Gr+10%SiC_(p))/6092Al的摩擦系数呈递减趋势.相同条件下,单一石墨颗粒增强的复合材料的磨损率大于混杂增强的复合材料的磨损率.方差分析的结果表明:增强相百分比单独作用、增强相百分比和滑动速率相互作用以及滑动速率单独作用3个因素对磨损率和摩擦系数产生了显著的影响.随SiC_(p)含量增加,材料硬度增加,SiC_(p)对基体起到支撑保护作用,磨损面上的磨痕变浅,分层剥落现象明显减轻,磨屑变得细小,摩擦系数更为稳定,磨损机制由剥层磨损向磨粒磨损转变.Spherical graphite particles(Gr)particles and(Gr+SiC_(p))hybrid reinforced 6092 Al composites were prepared via powder metallurgy.The dry sliding friction and wear behaviors of the composites were investigated.The results showed that as the load increased from 10 N to 20 N,the friction coefficient and wear rate of the three composites increased correspondingly;the wear sliding speed increased from 0.5 m/s to 1.0 m/s,and the friction coefficients of15%Gr/6092 Al and(5%Gr+20%SiC_(p))/6092 Al firstly decreased and then increased;while(5%Gr+10%SiC_(p))/6092 Al decreased.When the other conditions were the same,15%Gr/6092 Al composites showed higher wear rate than the hybrid reinforced composites.The results of the analysis of variance showed that the three factors,the effect of the reinforcement phase percentage alone,the interaction between the reinforcement phase percentage and the sliding rate,and the sliding speed alone,have a significant impact on the wear rate and the friction coefficient.With the increase of SiC_(p) content,the hardness of the material increased,and the SiC_(p) acted as a supporting and protective role on the Al matrix.The wear marks on the wear surface became shallow,the phenomenon of delamination exfoliation was obviously alleviated,the debris became fine,and the friction coefficient was more stable,and the wear mechanism changed from delamination wear to abrasive wear.

关 键 词：铝基复合材料 混杂增强 球形石墨颗粒 SIC颗粒 田口法 方差分析 干滑动摩擦磨损 磨损机理 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]