单级超低压反渗透膜工艺处理模拟放射性锶废水  

Treatment of Simulated Radioactive Strontium Wastewater by Single-stage Ultra-low Pressure Reverse Osmosis Membrane Process

作　　者：何利斌 徐文露 顾平[1] 张铭栋[1] 张光辉[1] HE Li-bin;XU Wen-lu;GU Ping;ZHANG Ming-dong;ZHANG Guang-hui(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第9期105-109,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07406006)。

摘　　要：针对反渗透(RO)膜系统操作压力大、浓缩倍数(CF)低等问题,设计开发了单级超低压反渗透膜工艺,通过排出产水、回流浓水的运行方式来处理模拟放射性含锶废水。在CF为10的条件下,研究了压力、初始浓度、pH值对除锶效果的影响。结果表明,在本实验的研究范围内RO膜系统的最佳运行条件如下:压力为0.76 MPa、初始Sr^(2+)浓度为10 mg/L、pH值为9,此时去污因数(DF)可达到734;各因素对除锶效果的影响程度排序为:pH值>初始浓度>压力。工艺运行效果需要同时考虑DF和CF的影响,因此引入了综合指标。在最佳运行条件下,通过研究不同CF(1.2~10)时的综合指标,确定了CF为10时运行效果最佳。与之前的RO膜系统的应用相比,单级超低压反渗透膜工艺简单,且能耗降低,可为处理小规模的放射性废水提供技术支持。A single-stage ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis(RO)membrane process was designed to solve the problems of high operational pressure and low concentration factor(CF)of the RO membrane system.Simulated radioactive strontium wastewater was treated by the process through discharging permeate and recycling concentrate.When the CF was 10,effects of pressure,initial concentration and pH on the removal of strontium were explored through single factor experiment.The optimum operational parameters of RO membrane system were as follows:pressure of 0.76 MPa,initial Sr^(2+)concentration of 10 mg/L and pH of 9.Under this condition,the decontamination factor(DF)could reach 734.The order of influence degree of each factor on the removal of strontium from large to small was determined as follows:pH,initial Sr^(2+)concentration and pressure.It was necessary to consider both the influences of DF and CF when selecting the operational parameters,so a comprehensive index was introduced.Under the optimum operational condition,it was determined that CF of 10 had the best operational performance through exploring the comprehensive index with different CF(1.2-10).Compared with previous RO membrane systems,the single-stage ultra-low pressure RO membrane had more simplified process and lower energy consumption,which could provide technical support for the treatment of small amount of radioactive wastewater.

关 键 词：放射性废水 锶 超低压反渗透 去污因数 浓缩倍数 综合指标 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]