SNP分型检测技术及其在畜禽遗传和育种中的应用研究进展  

Advances in SNP Typing Techniques and Their Application in Genetic and Breeding of Livestock and Poultry

作　　者：宋玉朴 孙永峰[1] 冯自强 周宇轩[1] 张磊 李晟毅 闫晓敏 许云鹏[1] SONG Yupu;SUN Yongfeng;FENG Ziqiang;ZHOU Yuxuan;ZHANG Lei;LI Shengyi;YAN Xiaomin;XU Yunpeng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Jilin Changchun 130118,China;Station of Jiang Xi Province for Popularizing Animal Husbandry Techniques,Jiangxi Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118 [2]江西省畜牧技术推广站,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2021年第7期37-42,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20180201034NY);吉林省科技厅中青年科技创新领军人才及团队项目(20200301035RQ);吉林省畜牧业管理局畜禽遗传资源开发利用项目(2020051000001);吉林省畜牧业管理局吉林省畜牧科技提质增效技术示范推广项目(202003)。

摘　　要：单核苷酸多态性(SNP)属于第三代遗传标记,因其二态性、广泛性、易于自动化检测等特性而成为研究热点。SNP广泛应用于遗传图谱构建、基因定位、进化分析研究以及标记辅助选择和亲缘关系鉴定等方面。本文对SNP的形成、分类、检测方法以及SNP检测技术的发展和在畜禽中的研究与应用进行综述,分析了各类SNP检测方法的优缺点,为推动SNP检测技术的快捷化、精确化、经济化及拓展其应用领域提供参考。Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)belongs to the third generation of genetic markers,which has become a research hotspot because of its bi-allelic polymorphism,abundance,and convenience in genotyping.SNP is widely used in construction of genetic map,gene mapping,evolutionary analysis,marker assisted selection and genetic relationship identification.We reviewed the formation and classification of SNPs,SNP genotyping techniques,and application of SNPs in livestock and poultry,and described the advantages and disadvantages of each techniques and the progress of its application in animal production.The purpose of this paper is to provide readers with comprehensive background information on SNPs,and facilitate the work on developing more rapid,accurate,and economical SNP genotyping techniques,and promote the application of SNP genotyping techniques.

关 键 词：单核苷酸多态性 遗传图谱 遗传标记 亲缘鉴定 基因芯片 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]